頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 華九頭獅子草(Dicliptera chinensis)對嘉磷塞之反應=Responses of Dicliptera Chinensis to Glyphosate |
---|---|
作 者 | 袁秋英; 陳益明; 蔣慕琰; | 書刊名 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
卷 期 | 43:1 2001.03[民90.03] |
頁 次 | 頁29-38 |
分類號 | 433.58 |
關鍵詞 | 嘉磷塞; 華九頭獅子草; 耐藥性; 劑量反量; ED叙值; ED叙; Glyphosate; Dicliptera chinensis; Tolerance; Dose response; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 新社葡萄園及桃子園試區,噴施嘉磷塞1.6及2.4 kg ha-1,施藥後7-28日,華九頭獅子草幼葉呈淡綠色,防治率為10-14及32-33 %;3.3 kg ha-1處理者全株黃化,防治率為45-48 %。2試區華九頭獅子草之生物量,隨施用藥量增加而減少,乾重為未施藥者之54-72 %。野莧、白花霍香薊、鬼針、牛筋草等其他雜草於施藥後7-14日,3劑量處理者皆顯著褐化死亡。華九頭獅子草與4種生物量相近似雜草之嘉磷塞劑量反應測定結果,藥劑造成華九頭獅子草乾重減少之影響大於對植株外觀之傷害,紫花霍香薊、野甘草、野莧、鬼針與華九頭獅子草以乾重為基礎之ED50值分別為0.14、0.14、0.37、0.48及1.00 kg ha-1,華九頭獅子草之ED50值為其他4種雜草之2-7倍。由臺灣大學、陽明山及新社果園採集之華九頭獅子草,經藥劑劑量反應測定,3地區華九頭獅子草之防治率及乾重抑制率皆相似,經變方分析結果顯示,3地區之華九頭獅子草對嘉磷塞敏感度無顯著差異。華九頭獅子草對嘉磷塞之耐性隨葉齡增加而增高,12、18、28葉齡及開花期植株之ED50值為0.16、0.47、1.00及4.64 kg ha-1,開花期植株對嘉磷塞的耐性最強,為幼齡植株之29倍。嘉磷塞對新社地區華九頭獅子草親代及子代種子萌芽率之抑制較弱,其EC50值為2 x 104 ppm,對胚根生長之抑制大於下胚軸者,EC50值分別為296-302、373-395 ppm。 |
英文摘要 | Dicliptera chinensis Juss. (華九頭獅子草) is an indigenous Acanthaceae of Taiwan and East Asia. It is often listed as a medicinal herb in Taiwan. The ecological significance of this species has not been documented. In the last two decades, this plant has become a dominant weed in some of the lowland orchards of Taiwan. Many farmers mention that this plant is not effectively controlled by glyphosate, the major non-selective herbicide used in orchard. In this study, we conducted greenhouse and field tests to investigate the responses of D. chinensis to glyphosate. Field tests at Hsinshe (新社) showed that D. chinensis was the species least affected by glyphosate. At normal application rate, 1.6 kg ha-1, glyphosate lightly affected D. chinensis, but killed Amranthus viridis, Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Eleusine indica and other annual weeds. D. chinensis survived glyphosate at 3.3 kg ha-1. Greenhouse tests showed that ED50 for D. chinensis was 2-7 times higher than those of other species. Tolerance of D. chinensis to glyphosate was closely related with the developmental stages. ED50 was 0.16, 0.47, 1.0 and 4.6 kg ha-1 for D. chinensis at 12-, 18-, 28-leaves and flowering stage, respectively. Responses to glyphosate were similar for D. chinensis collected from areas of different herbicide-using history; this suggested that tolerance of D. chinensis to glyphosate was not derived from selection by repeated use of this herbicide. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。