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題 名 | 臺灣水牛血型之分析=Studies on Blood Types of Taiwan Buffalo |
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作 者 | 黃盈凌; 王佩華; 鍾德憲; 宋永義; | 書刊名 | 中國畜牧學會會誌 |
卷 期 | 29:3 2000.09[民89.09] |
頁 次 | 頁277-286 |
分類號 | 437.22 |
關鍵詞 | 臺灣水牛; 血型; 多態性; Taiwan buffalo; Blood types; Polymorphism; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 為瞭解現存台灣水牛保種族群之遺傳特徵,作為將來進一步利用該種 原基因庫之參考。本試驗分別自農委會畜產試驗所花蓮種畜繁殖場及台北市立動 物園所採集123頭台灣水牛血樣(包括花蓮種畜場122頭及動物園1頭),進行血 清蛋白、血紅素及紅血球酵素型的分析。其中血清蛋白型的鐵合蛋白型(Tf)、後 鐵合蛋白型(Ptf)、白蛋白型(Alb)、後白蛋白型(Pa)與鹼性磷酸�@型(AP),以聚丙 烯醯銨膠體泳法(PAGE)進行分析;血紅素型(Hb)及紅血球酵素型的碳酸酐�@型 (CA)、酯解�@D型(EsD)及磷酸葡萄酸鹽去氫�@型(PGD),則以醋酸纖維電泳法 (CAE)進行分析。藉以瞭解台灣水牛保種族群血型之遺傳變異性。 試驗結果顯示在所檢測之樣本中Tf、Ptf、Alb及AP等四種血清蛋白型具有多態 性(polymorphism)變異;但Pa則為單一型。紅血球酵素型中的CA及EsD具有 多態性,Hb及PGD為單一型。Tf、Ptf、Alb和CA皆由二個交替基因以共顯性 的方式控制,並皆呈現三種外表型;EsD和AP所檢測出的結果為分別具有EsD FF和EsD FS及APA和APO二種外表型。進一步應用各基因座之交替基因頻率 來估算台灣水牛保種族群的遺傳變異性,結果顯示此保種族群多型基因座比例 (proportion of polymorphic loci)為0.67,有效基因座數目(number of effective lici) 為1.237,且平均異質結合率為0.144,相對於經過嚴格選拔之荷蘭乳牛族群,其 遺傳變異性較大,因此可知在所檢測之台灣水牛保種族群並無經過嚴格的選育過 程,其為一逢機配種族群。 |
英文摘要 | Strain characters of blood biochemical polymorphism were determined. One hundred and twenty-three blood samples from Taiwan buffalo(122 from Taiwan Livestock Research Institute and 1 from Taipei Zoo) were analyzed for gene constitution. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine five serum protein types, including transferrin (Tf), post-transferrin (Ptf), albumin (Alb), post-albumin (Pa) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). Hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA), esterase D (EsD) and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) were also analyzed by method of cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis. The result showed polymorphism existing in Tf, Ptf, Alb, AP, CA and EsD, but not in Pa, Hb and PGD. Except for AP and EsD, all of the other four protein polymorphism were controlled by two alleles and showed three phenotypes. It was also found that AP and EsD showed two phenotypes, AP A and AP O, and EsD FF and EsD FS, respectively. All gene frequency analysis showed that the proportion of polymorphic loci was 0.67, the number of effective loci was 1.237, and the mean of heterozygosity was 0.144. The low heterozygosity suggested a disadvantage or a risk for herd conservation in the future. |
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