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題名 | 職業非死亡意外事故危險因子之病例對照研究=A Case-control Study of Risk Factors for Unintentional Non-fatal Injuries on the Job |
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作者 | 李中一; 陳凱倫; 吳家興; 宋鴻樟; | 書刊名 | 中華公共衛生雜誌 |
卷期 | 19:4 2000.08[民89.08] |
頁次 | 頁261-271 |
分類號 | 412.53 |
關鍵詞 | 職業意外事故; 病例對照研究; 相對危險性; 運動; Occupational injury; Case-control study; Relative risk; Exercise; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 目標:本研究目的在探討國內某石化製造業員工工作史及工作條件、健康狀態、工作與生活型態等因素對職業非死亡意外事故危險性之影響。方法:本研究設計利用病例對照研究法。病例組個案包括433名於1991年至1997年間發生非死亡意外事故之員工,對照組個案則包括954名匹配年齡、性別、以及工作地點後隨機選取之其他員工。研究對象以自填式問卷提供意外事故相關原因之資料。本研究利用邏輯斯迴歸模式計算勝算比用以估計各意外事故潛在危險因子之相對危險性。結果:造成意外事故發生的顯著危險因子包括平均每週工作超過5.5天(勝算比2.2,95%信賴區間=1.1-4 .7)與必需輪值夜班(勝算比1.2,95%信賴區間=1.1-1.5)。而與發生意外事故危險性呈顯著負相關之因素則包括:飲酒、喝茶、喝咖啡、運動習慣、視力聽力問題、以及看病次數。自覺健康狀況與意外事故之間呈顯著負相關(趨勢檢定p=0.0001),自覺健康較差者(後25百分位)發生事故的危險性僅是自覺健康較佳者(前25百分位)之30%。結論:每週工作超過5.5天者以及必須輪值夜班者是未來預防職業非死亡意外事故工作之主要對象。此外,潛在的回憶偏差與分析中未能包括已經離職之意外事故個案所可能造成的選樣偏差問題則是本研究的主要限制。 |
英文摘要 | Objectives: To investigate associations between occupational non-fatal injury and work history and condition, lifestyle and perceived health status among petrochemical workers. Methods: We used a case-control design. Cases were 433 workers with non-fatal injury between 1991 and 1997 while controls were 954 workers without any injury during the same period. Controls were randomly selected with frequency matching to cases on age, sex and work site. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect inform ation on various potential risk factors of injury. Adjusted relative risk was estimated using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, an elevated risk of occupational non-fatal injury was found for those who had worked for over 5.5 days a week (odds ratio [OR]=2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1-4.7) and those who had night shift work (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.1-1.5). Multivariate analysis also revealed significantly inverse relationships between the risk of injury and factors including consumption of alcohol, tea or coffee, routine exercise, perceived visual or hearing impairment, and clinic visits. A significant reverse dose-response trend was noted between injury and self-rated health conditions. Employees with the poorest self-reported health (lowest quartile) were less likely than those in the first quartile to have injury (OR=0.3, 95% CI=0.2-0.6). Conclusions: Our study suggests overtime workers and night shift workers are major subjects for receiving p reventive measures of occupational injuries. The potential selection bias due to exclusion of the retired cases from analyses and the possible recall bias were two methodological drawbacks that might have affected the study results. |
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