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題名 | 試論方孝孺的「談詩五首」=On Fang Xiao-ru's (方孝儒) "Five Poems on Poetry" |
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作者姓名(中文) | 周益忠; | 書刊名 | 國文學誌 |
卷期 | 4 2000.12[民89.12] |
頁次 | 頁33-53 |
分類號 | 851.46 |
關鍵詞 | 方孝孺; 談詩五首; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 方孝孺在明初的詩壇,有其重要性,但郭紹虞的〈中國文學批評史〉等著作僅以之為「學者之詩論」,以有別於明初林鴻、高?等人的「詩人之詩論」。然而方孝孺有〈談詩五首〉所提的論點與明代詩人宗唐之風大相逕庭,毋寧是應該給予注意的。 且自杜甫〈戲為六絕句〉、元遺山〈論詩三十首〉、戴復古〈論詩十絕〉以來,〈談詩五首〉也是一組重要的論詩絕句,他能對明初詩風作一深切的反省,不人云亦云,因而詩作實具有「文學批評史」上的意義。 因先就此五首詩逐首加以分析,論述其談詩之觀點:乃詩當以風雅為本,不應隨人腳步的學唐,且指出宋詩之價值及其演變,繼而強調詩貴能發揮道德,末首更以道(內容)與器(形式)配合,可發揮實用的功能作結。 爰就此五首為準,試看方孝孺在要求自己作詩及論評古今詩人作品的篇章上,觀點是否一致?以檢視它在實際批評上的成就。 |
英文摘要 | Fang Xiao-ru (1357-1402) was a significant figure in the poetic coterie of early Ming(明) dynasty, but Guo Shao-yu (郭紹虞) in his History of Chinese Literary Criticism (中國文學批評史) and other works of the like speak of Fang's view as "scholarly poetics" (學者之論) as opposed to "poet's poetics" (詩人之論), a comment made by Fang's contemporaries such as Lin Hong (林鴻) and Gao Biang (高?). It should be stated here that Fang's "Five Poems on Poetry" proposed entirely different view from Ming poets who traditionally embraced Tang (唐) style. Since Du Fu's "Six Jue-Poems Playing on Poetry" (杜甫戲為六絕句), Yuan Yi-shan's "Thirty Poems on Poetry" (元遺山論詩三十首), and Dai Fu-gu's "Ten Jue-Poems on Poetry" (戴復古論詩十絕), "Five Poems on Poetry" has comprised another important set of jue-poems on poetics. Fang thinks acutely on early Ming style, and there is little doubt that this attempt on individuality lends historical significance to the history of Chinese literary criticism. I hereby analyze each of Fang's five poems in order to sketch the contour of Fang's poetic achievement. He believes that Ming poetry should rely on individual feng-ya (風雅) instead of plagiarizing Tang style. He points out the value of Shong (宋) poetry and its development, and asserts that the ultimate purpose of poetic writing is to teach. The last poem proposes harmony of Tao (content) (道) and qi (form) (器), which he honestly believes to have practical function for life. This essay then tries to apply Fang's poetics to his own poems and his reading of other poets, past and present alike. We'll see if his theory matches his practices so that we could assess his achievement in practical criticism. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。