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頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | A Descriptive Study of Anger Expression and Its Treatment: A U.S. Literary Perspective=情緒的火山口--憤怒:對美國文獻的評析 |
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作 者 | 范幸玲; | 書刊名 | 美和技術學院學報 |
卷 期 | 18 2000.08[民89.08] |
頁 次 | 頁138-146 |
分類號 | 176.3 |
關鍵詞 | 行為治療法; 認知治療法; 次要情緒; Behavioral therapy; Cognitive therapy; Secondary emotion; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 雖然人們以不同的角度來定義及表達怒氣,憤怒仍然常被視為一種負面的情緒。事實上,怒氣是一種我們正常情緒的表現。情緒本身不是一個問題,若是我們用一種健康的方式來表達我們的憤怒時,它不單可以幫我們澄清自己,更可以在親密關係中畫下自己不可被侵犯的界線。當我們以一些不健康的方式來表達憤怒時,我們的怒氣就會造成一些問題了。有好幾位學者認為憤怒本身通常只是一種次要的情緒。在憤怒背後主要的情緒困擾可能是傷害,懼怕,或挫折。對大部份的人來說,我們多是從原生家庭或環境中學習情緒的表達及行為。透過觀察及模倣的過程中,有些人學習以發洩或壓抑來表達他們的負面情緒。要是這些學習來的情緒表達方式,在婚姻關係中被增強以致於成為一種惡性循環的溝通模式,則嚴重衝突就產生了。市面上有好幾本強調自助式的書籍,教導一般人如何靠著自己的鍛鍊,一步步地控制自己的怒氣。在個人及婚姻諮商中,認知及行為治療法常被應用來治療傷害性的憤怒及衝突。心理諮商師不單鼓勵案主去意識到他們隱藏在憤怒底下的情緒,更幫助他們進一步去發覺生氣的整個過程。溝通技巧的訓練及學習,例如:如何公平去「爭吵」的技巧,在婚姻諮商中也是常被教導的。 |
英文摘要 | Even though people define and express anger in different ways, anger is often considered as a negative emotion. In fact, anger is one of our common emotions and not a problem by itself. If we express our anger in a healthy way, it can clarify who we are and define our boundaries in our close relationships with others. Anger becomes a problem when we express it in unhealthy ways. Many researchers often consider anger a secondary emotion underlying the primary emotions of hurt, fear, or frustration. Basically, we learn our emotions and behaviors from our immediate families and settings. Through observation and modeling, some people learn to express their negative emotions by either exploding or suppressing them. Furthermore, if these learned strategies are reinforced by their spouses and are maintained in their circular communication patterns, serious marital conflicts occur. Several self-help books instruct people how to handle their anger step by step. For treating the problem of destructive anger and conflicts, cognitive and behavioral therapies are often recommended to both individuals and couples. The therapist not only encourages clients to recognize their hidden emotions but also challenges them to detect the process of getting angry. Communication training programs, such as "Fair Fighting Skills," are also taught in the setting of couple's therapy. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。