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題 名 | 關渡沼澤地植群變遷之研究=The Changing Vegetation of the Kuantu Wetland |
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作 者 | 王儀臻; 李建堂; 朱子豪; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學理學院地理學系地理學報 |
卷 期 | 27 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁 次 | 頁41-54 |
分類號 | 436.12 |
關鍵詞 | 植群變遷; 關渡; 水筆仔; Vegetation change; Kuantu; Kandelia candel; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 自1978年起,關渡堤外沼澤區之植群分布有明顯之改變,蘆葦與茳茳鹹草覆蓋面積逐漸減少,水筆仔則不斷的擴散。目前關渡水筆仔已發展成林,與竹圍及挖仔尾同為淡水河口水筆仔主要集中之地方。本研究主要利用航空照片判釋,分析近二十年來關渡沼澤地植群的變遷情形,並經由植群生育地的高程量測與土壤採樣分析,與林則桐(1987)之研究結果進行比較,以探討植群變遷的作用機制與過程。 研究結果顯示,關渡沼澤地之植群由1978年以蘆葦與茳茳鹹草為主之草澤地,至今已演變成水筆仔與蘆葦為主之林澤地。植群變遷分析之結果顯示裸露地的形成有助於水筆仔的擴散。海拔高程測量之結果顯示,各植群生育地之海拔高程較十年前增高,水筆仔分布之海拔高程在0.2-1.3m間(n=205),蘆葦分布之海拔高程則在0.3-1.4m間(n=105);經單向變異數分析顯示此兩植群之生育地海拔高程有顯著之差異(α=0.05),蘆葦有分布於海拔高程較高之趨勢。各植群生育地土壤電導度單向變異數分析結果顯示,水筆仔(n=15)與蘆葦(n=20)生育地之可溶性鹽類有顯著差異(α=0.05),水筆仔偏向於可溶性鹽類較高之生育地。而造成關渡沼澤地近二十年來植群變遷之原因,可能為超抽地下水引起高程變化與地下水鹽分入侵所致。 |
英文摘要 | Since 1978, vegetation in the Kuantu wetland has changed significantly. The distribution area of Kandelia has rapidly increased and that of both Cyperus and Phragmites have decreased. Presently, the main distribution of Kandelia in the Tanshui estuary is concentrated in Kuantu, Chuwei, and Wachaiwei. In this research, a series of aerial photos from 1978 to 1997 is used to interpret vegetation changes in the Kuantu wetland. Field elevation surveys and soil sampling are carried out to compare with Lin's 1987 findings in order to investigate the causes and trends of vegetation change in the Kuantu wetland. The results reveal that the marsh habitat, dominated by Cyperus and Phragmites in 1978, has gradually changed into a swamp habitat dominated by Kandclia and Phragmites in 1998. Vegetation change detection shows that the mud flat is closely related to the expansion of Kandelia. The results of elevation surveys indicate that the average elevation of the Kuantu area has increased. The elevation range is 0.2-1.3 m (n=205) for Kandelia and 0.3-1.4 m (n=105) for Phragmites. The ANOVA test shows that the elevation range of the Kandelia habital is significantly different from that of the Phragmites (α=0.05). Soil electrical conductivity analysis indicates that the salinity of Phragmites is lower than that of Kandelia. The human factors, especially human-induced land subsidence, might have significantly contributed to the vegetation changes in the Kuantu area in the past two decades. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。