頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 公民權利的演進與困境:自由主義與社會福利的歷史關聯=Evolution of Citizenship Rights and Its Predicament: Historical Relevance between Liberalism and Social Welfare |
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作 者 | 張世雄; | 書刊名 | 國立臺灣大學社會學刊 |
卷 期 | 28 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁 次 | 頁65+67-116 |
分類號 | 548.2 |
關鍵詞 | 自由主義; 福利國家; 社會福利; 人的權利; 公民地位; 公民習性; Liberalism; Welfare state; Social welfare; Human rights; Citizenship; Habits of citizen; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 就歷史的進程來看,西方自由主義的歷史面貌,是與社會福利的階段性發展相互交織,或者說兩者是無法被單獨地理解。十九世紀的效用主義啟發了福利科學的雛形和推廣,並轉變古典自由主義的自由理念,成為一福利增進(極大化)及相關效率的問題。隨後。公民地位理論和(普世)人權理論的發展,則是自由主義陣營用來反對效用主義對自由問題的滲透與扭曲的兩種策略:前者先為福利社會化和福利國家制度化奠基,後者則致力於返回個人自由和財產權利的優先保障。 在所謂戰後共識的福利國家黃金年代中,個人權利與公民地位被調合為一「公民權利」的理念,以「法定資格」的形式致力於促進個人能力的發展。隨著福利國家危機的到臨,兩者間的內在衝突被再次地凸顯,並走向理論和政策層面上的決裂。公民習性養成問題所造成的困境,則構成這些爭論的核心議題。當前任何調合方案的可行性和可欲性,都當視其對這些矛盾和衝突的疏解能力。 |
英文摘要 | Multiple faces of western liberalism in recent history have tobe understood in contrast to the developmental context of socialwelfare. First of all, in an attempt to initiate a science of welfare,utilitarianism redefined liberal concern of personal liberty into anissue of welfare improvement and utility maximization, therebyentailing the problem of efficiency. Two strategic defenses, atheory of citizenship on the one hand and a theory of human righton the other, have followed from liberal camp for the cause of purifying utilitarian pollution and distortion. Nevertheless, the formerpaved the way to welfare state via socialization of welfare, whilethe latter contended the priority of individual rights to liberty andproperty. Citizenship rights have been coined after all during the GoldenAge of Welfare State and entitlements to statutory welfare aretheoretically justified for their explicit contribution to human development. With the coming of welfare state crisis, internal conflictbetween citizenship and human rights becomes manifest and as aresult turns to divorce from each other in both theoretical andpolicy dimensions. Question concerning the cultivation of citizen'shabits is at the core of these debates. Feasibility and desirabilityof proposed intermediating policies have to be evaluated in terms of their ability to deal with contradiction and conflict between citizenship and human rights. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。