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題 名 | 敘事體在學前幼兒發展中之功能探討=Research on Taiwanese Preschool Children's Narratives |
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作 者 | 林麗卿; | 書刊名 | 新竹師院學報 |
卷 期 | 13 2000.02[民89.02] |
頁 次 | 頁149-186 |
分類號 | 523.16 |
關鍵詞 | 敘事體; 幼兒教育; 幼兒發展; 幼兒語言發展; Narratives; Early childood education; Early childhood development; Children's language development; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 敘說故事是人類非常基本的共通經驗。我們日常的對談中,無論成人或幼兒,皆 往往藉由彼此傳輸生活中的小故事來互通訊息、溝通協商或建立共識。美國著名的心理學家 Jerome Bruner(1990)在其探討人類行為之意義的專書中即指出,幼兒具有透過敘事體 (narratives)之敘說來理解其外在世界之能力;而此能力之形成,不但是幼兒心智發展之重要 成就,同時也有助於維繫其社會世界之穩定性。敘事體對幼兒整體之發展具有不容忽視的重 要性。 本研究旨在探討幼兒敘事體在幼兒發展與學習中扮演的功能。筆者提出下列兩項待答問 題: 1.幼稚園中幼兒在何種情境下使用敘事體? 2.敘事體之使用在幼兒發展及學習中具有何種功能? 本研究為一詮釋性研究,以一個幼稚園中班為研究場景,並擇定三位目標幼兒。採用觀 察和晤談為主要資料收集方式。 研究中發現幼兒敘事體出現之情境具有下列共通性:1.教師主導性較低時,2.幼兒的互動 性較高時,3.情境中有較豐富的刺激時,4.幼兒的敘事體被延伸時。而敘事體之使用與幼兒 認知及社會性發展均具有密切的相關性。筆者根據研究發現提出實務及研究方面之六項建議。 |
英文摘要 | Research on narratives has opened new windows to understanding young children's development. Many researchers have drawn our attention to the multi-disciplinary importance of narratives in various areas. The purpose of this study is thus to explore Taiwanese children's experiences of narrating and/ or narrativizing in their kindergarten activities and the influences such experiences have on their development. I raised two questions: 1.In what kindergarten classroom contexts will Taiwanese preschool children narrate? 2.What functions do narratives serve in Taiwanese children's development and learning? An interpretive research approach was adopted in this study. One classroom for 23 mix-aged (3- and 4-year-old) children was chosen as the field for this study. Three young children were chosen as the target participants. The researcher collected data through observation, semistructured interviews, and spontaneous conversations on site. Data were coded and analyzed for the contexts, contents, and functions of children's narratives. Major findings of this study include: 1.Children's spontaneous narratives occur most often while teachers are less directive. 2.Children's's spontaneous narratives occur most often while children are free to interact with peers. 3.Children's spontaneous narratives occur most often where there are ample stimuli for children's learning and narrating. 4.Children's spontaneous narratives occur most often while their narrativing is extended by teachers and peers. 5.Children's narrating or narrativizing experiences are highly related to their cognitive and social development. According to the above findings, the researcher makes several suggestions in terms of classroom practice as well as future research efforts. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。