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題 名 | 歐殺松、免賴得及施得圃對土壤銨化作用、硝化作用及呼吸作用之影響=Effects of Acephate, Benomyl and Pendimethalin on the Ammonification, Nitrification and Respiraton in Soil |
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作 者 | 林浩潭; 翁愫慎; 李國欽; | 書刊名 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
卷 期 | 45:1 2003.03[民92.03] |
頁 次 | 頁65-73 |
分類號 | 433.85 |
關鍵詞 | 歐殺松; 免賴得; 施得圃; 土壤; 銨化作用; 硝化作用; 呼吸作用; Soil; Ammonification; Nitrification; Respiration; Acephate; Benomyl; Pendimethalin; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 以殺蟲劑歐殺松(acephate)、殺菌劑免賴得(benomyl)及殺草劑施得圃(pendimethalin)等三種農藥,於室內進行農藥影響土壤中微生物對營養鹽轉變試驗,探討農藥施用對土壤肥力之影響。土壤分別加入尿素及葡萄糖後,分別添加1、5及50 mg/kg農藥,定時檢測土壤中銨態氮、硝酸態氮及二氧化碳含量,以探討農藥對土壤中之銨化作用、硝化作用及呼吸作用之影響。農藥對土壤銨化作用及硝化作用影響試驗結果顯示,施藥初期土壤中尿素之銨化作用會短暫受抑制,而第21天後因銨態氮轉化成亞硝酸態及硝酸態氮,致三種農藥對銨化作用皆無顯著差異。土壤中含1 mg/kg施得圃即可抑制硝化作用,而歐殺松與免賴得5 mg/kg以上方可抑制硝化作用。三種藥劑以低及中濃度(1及5 mg/kg)處理,則土壤中硝酸態氮含量於孵育末期有增加之趨勢,此現象可能為農藥之逐漸降解而對微生物之影響程度漸減所致。農藥對土壤呼吸作用之影響,試驗結果顯示低(1 mg/kg)及中濃度(5 mg/kg)免賴得及施得圃處理可增進土壤之呼吸作用,而低及中濃度歐殺松對呼吸作用無影響,但三種藥劑在高濃度(50 mg/kg)可抑制土壤之呼吸作用。 |
英文摘要 | Effect of acephate, benomyl and pendimethalin on the ammonification, nitrification and respiration in soil under upland condition were studied in the laboratory. Urea and glucose were added into the soil as N and C source, respectively. Soils spiked with 1, 5 and 50 mg/kg pesticides were incubated at 25 oC in the dark, and were sampled at intervals of 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 49 days for NH4+-N and NO3--N analysis. Soil respiration in soil samples was also measured at intervals of 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 43 days. The ammonification of urea in soil was reduced at the beginning of incubation. Treatment with lower concentration (1 mg/kg) of pendimethalin, the nitrification was reduced within short-term (7 to 14 days). But, higher concentration (> 5 mg/kg) of acephate and benomyl increased the nitrification. Law and medium concentrations (1 and 5 mg/kg) of benomyl and pendimethalin increased the soil respiration. Low and medium acephate showed no effect on the soil respiration. However, high concentration (50 mg/kg) of three pesticides reduced the soil respiration. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。