第1筆 /總和 1 筆
/ 1 筆
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 植物病蟲防治推廣問題=Extension on Plant Pest and Desease Ocontrol |
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作 者 | 劉廷蔚; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 17 民46.03 |
頁 次 | 頁1-4 |
關鍵詞 | 植物病蟲防治; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | The basic skill of agricultural extension is to get the recommended improved practices that are results of technical research to the farmers in a way most easily understood by them. Pest and disease control, unlike other agricultural improvement work such as adopting improved plant varieties, improving cultivation techiques, etc, can not be extended with by local agricultural personnel with litte or no training. It concerns live insects and some of the facts relating to pests and diseases can not be readily understood or dealt with by those not familiar with plant pathology or entomology. It takes the techmcal experts with many years' experience to deal with these problems. Furthermore, there are numerous natural factors affecting the occurrence of plant pests and diseases, such as topographical features, terrain, season, climate, temperature, humidity, crop rotation system, etc. Which all work together to affect the occurrence of pest and diseases. Faced with such multitudinous aspects of pests and diseases, we have to have very fiexible methods to carry out effective control. The most important point is to adopt practical measures best suited to the specific circumstances at the time of work. The duty of the extension personnel is to follow the results of research, at the same time skillfully adapting them to specific circumstances. Therefore it is not very easy to simplify the working measures of plant pest and disease control as is done for ordinary extension. And, furthermore, if the extension advisors are not qualified, not only will their efforts have unsatisfactory results but the confidence of the farmers in these improved practices can not be gained. Both phytopathology and entomology are orginally developed from basic natural sciences and neither is very simple. Plant pest and disease control requires high agricultural skill and in its implementation serves as a serious test of the actual ability of the working personnel. Pest and disease control personnel, in other words, have to have more highly technical knowledge than ordinary extension workers. At this time when overall improvements are made in agricultural improvement in Taiwan, there is as yet no central agency in charge of the important task of pest and disease control. Consequently: (1) There is a lack of coordination in work. For instance, some crop variety improvement work has not been linked with pest and disease control work, and (2) In some places pest and disease control is not carried out by competent personnel. The first symptom is regrettable while the second causes much worry. Both defects have to be promptly corrected. Since DDT was given to farmers who were reluctant to receive it five years ago, pest and disease control work in Taiwan has come a long way. At present the effectiveness and profitableness of the newer insecticides have been fully demonstrated, both in the government's demonstration fields and in private farms, so that farmers are showing strong interest in pest and disease control work. In the next five years, the area of pest and disease control work will be greatly expanded. It is essential that technical advice keep up with the expansion of pest and disease control work. The lack of competent technical advice will be more strongly felt in the coming years than it is now. Agricultural extension work, after being much discussed, is now being implemented. However, as we have pointed out before, competent and experienced workers are still lacking. And these workers can not be turned out overnight. In view of these facts, therefore, at the joint conference of the boards of directors and supervisors of the China Society of Phytopathology and Entomology, it was decided that the central topic of discussion of the annual convention be the "Discussion on Plant Pest and Disease Control in Taiwan." It is my personal opinion that, in recent years, plant pest and disease control workers have been working very hard both in research and in field control. It would be very profitable to pool the results of research and experiments together for increasing the work efficiency of the extension workers in Taiwan. A "Taiwan Plant Pest and Disease Control Information and Education Center" is suggested to be established and all researchers and field workers in pest and disease control be invited to join. The Center will stress technical work and , with authorization of the government, carry out service for the latter. The work items for the Center in the coming years may be the following: (1) Liaison with the hsien workers. Suggest that one or two senior agricultural workers in each hsien be assigned as liason personnel. Training of these workers will be conducted when necessary. The Center will not directly participate in pest and disease control work conducted by PDAF or the Hsien Government in individual hsien. (2) Liaison with the provincial and hsien agricultural vocational schools and, with the approval of the Provincial Department of Education, strengthen the faculty of the schools and improve the teaching materials. (3) Prepare booklets, pictures, specimens, models, audio-visual materials needed for pest and disease control extension. The author has discussed with many experts in plant pathology and entomology who endorse the establishment of the Center. It is his sincere wish that fellow members will give some serious thinking to this problem before the society's annual convention and will give their comments during the convention. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。