頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 半導體工業最重要的毒性物質:氫氟酸中毒=The Most Important Poison in Semiconductor Industry: Hydrofluoric Acid Poisoning |
---|---|
作 者 | 高偉峰; 鄧昭芳; 李建賢; | 書刊名 | 中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌 |
卷 期 | 10:1 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁 次 | 頁1-10 |
分類號 | 418.732 |
關鍵詞 | 氫氟酸; 中毒; 半導體; Hydrofluoric acid; Poisoning; Semiconductor; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 近年來國內半道體工業正蓬勃發展,國人曝露氫氟酸(Hydrofluoric acid, HF)及受到氫氟酸危害的機會,正日漸增加,根據台北榮總毒物中心的統計,國內氫氟酸中毒的個案,有逐年增多的趨勢,其中大部分病患皆為職業性曝露,而其中又以半導體工業的職業性曝露為最多,更有因職業性曝露而導致死亡者。如發生大量的氫氟酸外洩,甚至可造成成千上萬人傷害的大災難。 氫氟酸廣泛用於除誘、玻璃蝕刻、石油精煉、製革、洗染等多種用途,自從半導體工業發展以來,其使用量更是大幅快速的增加,根據統計,至少有57種職業會曝露氫氟酸。高滲透性的氟離子,可與體內鈣、鎂等陽離子結合,產生不可溶的鹽類,皮膚曝露、吸入或口服中毒的病患,皆可因此產生嚴重的低血鈣及低血鎂,且可快速致人於死。氫氟酸中毒時,初期可能沒有明顯的症狀,以致容易被病患本身或醫療人員疏忽,而延誤了就醫的良機。病患甚至也可能在沒有明顯前兆的狀況下,突然心臟停止。目前對於氫氟酸中毒的治療,除了穩定基本生命徵象外,主要是以施予鈣或鎂為主。在此除了討論氫氟酸中毒的處置外,鑑於國內半導體工業日漸發達,國人受到氫氟酸危害的機會日增,因此,也特別提醒國人重視氫氟酸的安全維護及急救處置。 |
英文摘要 | Hydrofluoric acid(HF) is widely used in the glass etching, rust removers, electronics, and chemical industries. Recently, it has also become indispensable in the modern semiconductor industry which represents an expanding workforce in Taiwan. With the growing amount of HF usage, the chance of people exposed in this chemical is increasing. Lin et al reported that the majority of the HF poisonings in Taiwan were occupation-related, and most of them being semiconductor workers. The occupation-related fatality of HF was also reported in Taiwan. HF complexes with calcium(Ca(superscript 2+)) and magnesium(Mg(superscript 2+)) to form insoluble salts. Oral or dermal exposure can produce profound hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia. Oral ingestion, inhalation, or dermal exposures could result in death, even lack of warning symptoms, if proper treatment is not rapidly initiated. If massive HF leakage occurs, thousands of people around the scene could be damaged and that may request a rapid mass evacuation. Decontamination and administration of fluoride-binding substances, such as calcium and magnesium salt are still the mainstream for the treatment of HF poisoning. Despite its widespread use, general public and most of the medical practitioners know little about this substance and its potential risk of significant morbidity and mortality. In this article, we would like to introduce the management of HF poisoning and its influence in our community. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。