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題名 | 空間資訊及土壤沖蝕模式之整合應用=The Application of Integrated Spatial Information and Soil Erosion Estimation |
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作者 | 周天穎; 葉美伶; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷期 | 31:1 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁次 | 頁19-27 |
分類號 | 434.227 |
關鍵詞 | 空間資訊; 土壤沖蝕模式; 地理資訊系統; 衛星影像; Spatial information; Soil loss equation; GIS; Satellite image; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 空間資訊可提供土壤沖蝕推估模式的參數來源,本文即整合地理資訊系統(GIS)、遙感探測(Remote Sensing)技術及全球衛星定位系統(GPS)等理論與技術,於水里溪、德基水庫、大埔水庫、美崙及知本等集水區,探討如何因應不同的土壤沖蝕推估模式,擷取不同的參數因子。 在水里溪集水區方面,先利用GIS劃分子集水區,以RUSLE推估每一子集水區之土壤沖蝕量;在德基水庫集水區則利用AGNPS,以網格(grid cell)的方式,計算農墾地帶的土壤沖蝕量。美崙與知本溪亦是以RUSLE推估土壤沖蝕量,作為土砂整治率計算公式中,泥沙產生量的參數之一。 在大埔水庫集水區則以HSPF模式推估集水區內不同土地使用變化對水源涵養量之影響,並以沖蝕指標模式驗算大埔水庫八十二年至八十六年之土壤年沖蝕量。 應用GIS、遙測及GPS使空間資訊能夠較以往更快速的取得,除對各計畫研究區的土地資訊加以客觀的掌握外,透過模式的推估與分析,更可以暸解各集水區的土壤沖蝕情形、防砂量整治率及土地利用現況等,以作為集水區整治、管理或規劃的依據。 |
英文摘要 | Spatial information can directly provide the parameter sources for various soil erosion estimation models. This study integrated the theory and technique from Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Positioning System (GPS) to extract the parameters for various soil erosion estimation model practice. Several different watersheds or river basin area such as Shue-Li, Der-Chi Reservoir, Ta-Pu Reservoir, Mei-Lun and Chi-Ban were demonstrated in this research. For Shue-Li watershed, a self-developed delineation program was applied to disaggregate the watershed into sub-watershed units according to surface relief information. Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was then used to estimate soil erosion volume for each sub-watershed. For Der-Chi Reservoir watershed, the Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution (AGNPS) model was used to calculate soil erosion for each farmland by grid cell method. Sediment production sources for Mei-Lun and Chi-Ban river basins were also estimated by RUSLE model in watershed management completeness ratio calculation For Da-Pu watershed, the Hydrology Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF) model was used to simulate the land use change impact on water conservation capacity, and to derive the soil erosion volume from 1993 to 1997. The simulation process requires input parameter from vector and raster format dataset. This research proved the efficiency and effectiveness of the integration of GIS, RS, and GPS technique in landuse information access and monitoring. Through various soil estimation model linkages, it is feasible to better understand and manage the watershed erosion control. The result can provide a useful management tool and method for watershed planning and management. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。