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題名 | 墾丁國家公園南灣海域珊瑚群聚的變遷:1987至1997年=Changes of Coral Communities in Nanwan Bay, Kenting National Park: 1987-1997 |
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作者 | 戴昌鳳; 陳永澤; 郭坤銘; 莊正賢; | 書刊名 | 國家公園學報 |
卷期 | 8:2 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁次 | 頁79-99 |
分類號 | 386.394 |
關鍵詞 | 墾丁海域; 珊瑚群聚; 海洋生態; Kenting; Coral community; Marine ecology; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以橫截線取樣法對墾丁國家公園南灣海域的珊瑚群聚進行定量調查,調查結果並與1987年的資料比較,以瞭解南灣海域珊瑚群聚的變遷情形。調查地點包括:核三廠排水口附近、後壁湖、跳石及香蕉灣等四處海域。各地點調查範圍自水深2∼3m至珊瑚礁前緣(約30m水深)調查結果與1987年的資料比較顯示,在四個調查地點中,僅跳石海域的珊瑚群聚已產生明顯的變遷.每一調查線的珊瑚種數、群體數、種歧異度和均勻度都比1987年顯著減少;尤其是在水深10∼20m間,除了上述參數值外,珊瑚的覆蓋率也明顯減少。根據歷年來在此海域的調查記錄,泥沙沈積物污染、松藻大量生長和海葵蔓延可能是導致此區珊瑚群聚變遷的主要原因。至於核三廠排水口附近海域和後壁湖海域的珊瑚群聚,僅在少數群聚參數值上有顯著的改變,香蕉灣海域的珊瑚群聚則無顯著的變化,顯示此三處海域的珊瑚群聚大致仍維持在1987年間的狀態,尚未產生明顯的變遷。此外,小型珊瑚群體在珊瑚礁上出現的數量甚少,可能是受到底質的沉積物污染及藻類繁生等因素的限制,而珊瑚幼生的加入量少,會影響珊瑚群聚的復原速率。由於珊瑚群聚的改變往往是一種相變的型式,因此,雖然目前南灣海域的珊瑚群聚大多仍處於穩定狀態,但是珊瑚群體遭受污染而白化或部分死亡的現象卻相當普遍,這些跡象顯示該海域的珊瑚群聚可能處於耐受污染的臨界點上,必須儘速落實珊瑚礁的污染防治和生態保育,才能確保珊瑚群聚的永續繁衍。 |
英文摘要 | Coral communities at four sites in Nanwan Bay (outlet of the Third Nuclear Power Plant, Hou-i-hu, Tiao-shi, and Hsiang-chiao-wan), Kenting National Park were resurveyed by the line-transect method. Comparisons with the data obtained in 1987 were made to elucidate the changes of coral communities. The results show that only the coral community at Tiao-shi displays significant decreases in species richness, number of colonies, living coral cover, species diversity and evenness indices. In particular, significant changes were found at depths between 10 and 20 m at Tiao-shi indicating that phase-shift of the coral community may have occurred. Possible factors responsible for the changes of coral communities aresedimentation pollution, bloom of macroalgae, and extensive growth of sea anemones. Minor changes were found in coral communities near the outlet of the Third Nuclear Power Plant and Hou-bi-hu, while no changes were detectable for the coral community at Hsiang-chiao-wan. Very few small coral colonies were found luring the survey on coral communities indicating that recruitment rates (<3 recruits/m ) were low. Heavy sedimentation and the profusion of benthic algae are the possible factors that restrict the recruitment of juvenile morals. Low coral recruitment will inhibit the recovery of coral community following disturbances. Bleaching and partial mortality of coral colonies were frequently found in Nanwan Bay indicating that the coral communities were under severe pollution stresses and protective measures must be taken to ensure the sustainable development of coral communities. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。