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頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 英國諾曼君主與教會及貴族關係之檢討=The Anglo-Norman Kings Versus the Church and the Barons |
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作 者 | 張學明; | 書刊名 | 新史學 |
卷 期 | 9:4 1998.12[民87.12] |
頁 次 | 頁143-160 |
分類號 | 741.23 |
關鍵詞 | 諾曼英倫君主; 教會; 貴族; Anglo-norman kings; Church; Barons; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 諾曼君主、教會與貴族三者之關係十分複雜,勢力此消彼長。本文嘗試探討(一 )諾曼君主與教會之關係,包括初期神職人員的諾曼化;(二)諾曼君主對貴族之政策;( 三)王室中央與地方勢力之爭持。總的來說,威廉一世以征服者姿勢出現,對教會及地方貴 族佔盡優勢,故能在短短十數年間全面將教會及貴族諾曼化;威廉二世則需要借助效忠於他 的主教親信去鎮壓蠢蠢欲動的地方貴族;亨利一世努力經營三十多年,從教會及地方貴族中 培植了一批忠貞於他的王室中央親信,如郡長法官、巡迴法官等,達至中央集權;可惜,史 提芬卻未能控制地方勢力,經過多年內戰而至紳權高漲,王權衰落。 |
英文摘要 | The relations between the Anglo-Norman kings, the Church, and the barons were complex. This article attempts to look into: (1) the relations between the Anglo-Norman kings and the Church, including the Normanization of the clergy in the early period; (2) the baronial policies of the Norman kings; and (3) the struggle between the central royal administration and the local forces. In sum, William I, as the dominating Conqueror, was able to Normanize both the Church and the aristocracy in a decade or so. William Ⅱ had to rely on his loyal episcopal curiales to suppress some restless barons. Henry I, during his thirty-five years of reign, successfully centralized his administration by nurturing a group of curiales, such as the sheriff-justiciars and the itinerant justiciars, raised from the Church or the local magnates. Unfortunately, Stephen lost his control over the kingdom in 1139. After more than a decade of civil wars, which further weakened the Norman kingship, the Norman dynasty ended as Stephen died in 1154. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。