頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 莫內與「舒曼計畫」=Jean Monnet (1887-1978) and the Schuman Plan |
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作 者 | 張維邦; | 書刊名 | 中山學術論叢 |
卷期 | 16 1998.06[民87.06] |
頁次 | 頁19-53 |
分類號 | 553.176 |
關鍵詞 | 莫內; 舒曼; 愛德諾; 歐洲煤鋼共同體; 法德關係; Monnet; Schuman; Adenauer; European Coal and Steel Community; Franco-German relations; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 眾所周知,一九五○年五月九日法國外長舒曼( Robert Schuman,1886-1963 ) 發展著名的宣言,倡議以法、德為軸心建立媒礦與鋼鐵的超國家共同體的聯營新體制,以解 決法、德歷經幾個世紀的戰亂紛爭,並進而塑造了歐洲兩個偉大民族合作的典範。 本文將以莫內的 Leadership 為經,以國際事務為緯,特別著重分析國際政治經濟錯綜複雜 的背景。以一介「書生」(連高中 baccalaureat 文憑都付之闕如)竟然能超越法國菁英官 僚體系作業程序,不僅得到舒曼的全力贊同,但最重要的還是獲得當年西德的聯邦總理愛德 諾( Konrad Adenauer )熱絡的反響與支持。 如果沒有莫內高瞻遠矚以體制的創立,具體地將法、德兩國命運連鎖在一起的話,在當初美 國以防止國際共產的擴張為由,向法國施壓力要積極讓西德整軍,那麼不知受到納粹蹂躪記 憶猶新的法國全民上下,特別是政治菁英,將如何面對這一棘手難題的挑戰。 |
英文摘要 | The famous Schuman Declaration, known to all students of the European Integration, was issued by Robert Schuman (1886-1963), then French Minister of Foreign Affairs on May 9, 1950. By establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, the centuries of Franco-German wars finally ended with the cementing of their lasting peace based on common goals. If the Schuman Declaration is well known, however, the public is much less aware that it was the intellectual masterpiece of Monnet. Never having held any cabinet position and without even having finished his baccalaureat in an elitist society such as France, how could Jean Monnet have succeeded in soliciting enthusiastic support from Chancellor Konrad Adenauer of West Germany? Under constant pressure from the United States, it is very hard for France to accept the idea of rearming Germany. However, in less than five years after the end of the war, still haunted by the Nazi Occupation and its bitter memories, how could French politicians have ceded easily to this American diktat. With his "genial" and sophisticated scheme under a supranational body, Jean Monnet had managed to pool European coal and steel, crucial military materials, and consequently the apprehension of French politicans gradually dissipated, paving the Royal path to Franco-German reconciliation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。