頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 婦女健康與「醫療化」:以停經期/更年期為例=Medicalization of Women's Health: Menopause/Climacteric as an Example |
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作者 | 張玨; 張菊惠; | 書刊名 | 婦女與兩性學刊 |
卷期 | 9 1998.04[民87.04] |
頁次 | 頁145-185 |
分類號 | 417.224 |
關鍵詞 | 婦女健康; 更年期; 醫療化; 女性荷爾蒙補充治療; Women's health; Menopause; Medicalization; Hormone replacement therapy; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 健康照護是北美、紐澳、歐洲等國第二波女性主義思潮中備受關注的議題, 「醫 療化」則是婦女健康運動中最常被批判的議題。現今雖然婦女得以獲得健康照護,但卻無法 確保能否掌控自己的健康。醫療專家宰制女體,並否絕婦女有參與決定自身生活的權力。甚 而,醫療化的事件侵入婦女的日常生活,將健康婦女變成病人的角色。此外,大部分之衛生 資源亦投注於醫療處置之研發,鮮少公共經費支持婦女健康促進。 在臺灣,「醫療化」議題是受到忽視的。政府、民眾以及醫療界甚少提及此重要議題,甚至 宣稱透過醫療化而使得婦女獲得較好的健康照護。有鑑於臺灣醫療化議題所受到的忽視與研 究不足,作者嘗試以更年期為例,檢視其是否在現存的臺灣社會中有被醫療化的現象。 研究者以多元交叉檢視方法,使用下列之資料進行醫療化之檢視。(1)1993 年與 1997 年之 婦女更年期態度問卷調查。(2)1996 至 1997 年關於荷爾蒙之報紙報導的內容分析。(3) 深 入訪談兩位婦產科女醫師與兩位中年婦女,關於女性荷爾蒙之使用。 研究結果顯示更年期確實有醫療化的傾向,醫師大力倡導女性荷爾蒙補充治療之好處,而忽 略其禁忌與副作用之告知,婦女亦開始相信更年期是一種病。如果臺灣從現在開始從事婦女 健康運動,此議題仍有討論與爭辯之空間。我們需要有更多集體性的行動以改變社會,進而 促進婦女健康,亦需要更多醫療化之社會層面與文化層面的基礎研究。 |
英文摘要 | Health care was a major concern of second wave feminists in Northern America, Australia, New Zealand and Europe. "Medicalization" has been one of most frequently critic issues in women's health movement. In nowadays, although women can obtain health care but they do not ensure to control over their health. The medical professional's domination denies of the right that women themselves should participate in important decisions about their own lives. Much worse, "medicalization" even invades into women' daily life, and makes all healty women become patients. Few public funding supports women's health promotion, most money goes to the medical treatment development. The issue of "medicalization" has been neglected in Taiwan. All the government, the public (women), and the medical field rarely mentioned about this important issue. They even claim that they provide better health care through medicalization. Due to the negligence and inadequacy on the issue of "medicalization" in Taiwan people, the authors took the new emerging issue "the menopause" to examine on whether it was medicalized or not in current Taiwan society. Based on the multimethods triangulation analysis, the authors used the following data to delineat the medicalization. (1) Two questionnaire surveys on the women's menopausal attitudes conducted in 1991-1992 and 1997. (2) Content analysis of the newsaper's titles reported on menopause and hormone during Jan, 1996 to Dec, 1997. (3) In-depth interview of two female gynecologists and two female patients. Results showed that there did have a tendency of "medicalization" on "menopause". The physicians were interested in promoting the effectiveness of hormone therapy but neglected the side effects. The women tended to believe that menopause was a disease. There are still rooms for discussion and debates, if we here in Taiwan do care for women's health and make it a significant political reality. We need to take more collective action to promote women's health through consciousness raising and policy reform. We need more studies on medicalization to avoid medical abuses. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。