頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 芻料用高粱雜交F[feb5]品系之選育=Selection of F[feb5]Hybrids in Forage Sorghum |
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作 者 | 蕭素碧; 林正斌; 陳玉燕; | 書刊名 | 畜產研究 |
卷 期 | 33:2 2000.06[民89.06] |
頁 次 | 頁154-164 |
分類號 | 437.117 |
關鍵詞 | 選育; 雜交種; 芻料用高粱; Selection; Hybrid; Forage sorghum; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 從芻料用高粱種原庫中選出五個細胞質雄不稔性系統當母本,五個雄可稔恢復系統當父本進行雜交,獲得25個雜交F1品系種子。於1997年春季種植,成熟時調查株高、分蘗數、鮮草產量、糖度、乾物率及乾物產量,宿根一次。結果一次。結果母本所有性狀與父本除糖度及乾物率外,其餘性狀之組合力均方皆達顯著水準。共同親本632A及219A(母本)株高中等約150公分,分蘗數3.6及4.8支/株;Tifton(為蘇丹草臺畜草一號之代號,父本)植株高大220公分,分蘗6.7支/株,三品系鮮草產量及乾物產量皆高,對葉斑病抵抗力強,而其餘親本對葉斑病的抗性弱。另從25個雜交F1品系比較試驗中,632A×Tifton及219A×Tifton之株高226及224公分,分蘗5.2及9.3支/株,乾物產量13.5及12.2公噸/公頃,雖非最大,但對葉斑病表現極抗與抗等級,其餘品系則對葉斑病抗性皆不強。 由上項試驗選出632A×Tifton及219A×Tifton兩個雜交F1品系,以Tifton為對照,於1998年春季分別於臺南新化、佳里及屏東內埔等地繼續進行區域試驗。第一次生長及宿根生長合併分析,結果鮮草產量以臺南佳里地區表現最佳,尤其Tifton鮮草產量53.7公噸/公頃/次最大,而632A×Tifton於另兩個地區皆較219A×Tifton及Tifton產量高。632A×Tifton及219A×Tifton兩個品系於佳里地區第一次生長後期遇大雨,皆嚴重倒伏(90%),而Tifton倒伏程度中等(50%),其他兩個地區所有品系皆無倒伏。芻料用高粱具宿根性,其產量於佳里地區第一次生長即高產,但於新化及內埔地區則於宿根生長較第一次者高產。於內埔地區繼續宿根,全年共五次採收試驗,結果三個品系產量皆於第二次及第三次生長較其他次來得高,第四次劇降,第五次再降,顯示芻料用高粱第一次至第三次的生長具高產潛力。五次鮮草總產量632A×Tifton為171公噸/公頃,較Tifton之157公噸/公頃明顯地高產,由上可知632A×Tifton品系適應性廣、抗病且具高產潛力,若能進一步改善其倒伏性,則可供農民種植時另一品種之選擇。 |
英文摘要 | Twenty five F1 hybrids of forage sorghum (Sorghum spp.) were obtained by crossing five cytoplasmic male sterile lines with five respective pollen fertility restoring lines. The agronomic traits including plant height, tiller number, fresh forage yield, brix, dry matter percent and dry matter yield were evaluated in spring crop and ratoon crop in 1997. The variances of agronomic traits of 25 F1 hybrids were computed by combining the two crops. Results showed that the mean squares of general (GCA) and special (SCA) combining abilities of all agronomic traits were significant except for brix and dry matter percent. Female parents in common, 632A and 219A, had plant height both 150 cm and 3.6 and 4.8 tillers/plant. Male parent in common, Tifton (code name of Sudangrass Taishi No.1), had plant height 220 cm and 6.7 tillers/plant. All of them had higher fresh and dry matter yield and more resistant to target leaf spot disease than the other parents. In addition, on the comparison test of 25 F1 hybrids, 632A×Tifton and 219A×Tifton had plant height 225 cm, 5.2 and 9.3 tillers/plant and produced dry matter yields 13.5 and 12.5 mt/ha, respectively. Both were highly resistant to target leaf spot disease. The other 23 F1 hybrids were less resistant. Both 632A×Tifton and 219A×Tifton were selected for further district trial using Tifton as control to determine the yield potentials at three different locations in 1998. All lines produced high forage yields at Chiali, Tainan and Tifton produced the highest fresh forage yield, 53.7 mt/ha/cut. The line 632A×Tifton had the highest yield than the other two lines at the other two locations. However, the hybrids 632A×Tifton and 219A×Tifton lodged seriously (90%) and Tifton lodged about 50% at Chiali in the spring crop. The forage yield at Chiali was higher in the first growth cycle, but those at Hsinhua, Tainan and Naipu, Pingtung were higher in the second growth cycles. The plants were harvested in five successive growth cycles at Naipu, Pingtung. The results indicated that the second and the third growth cycles produced higher forage yields than the others. The yields were decreased at the fourth ant the fifth growth cycles. It showed that forage sorghum could produce higher forage yields from the first to third growth cycles. Line 632A×Tifton had the larger adaptation and more resistant to target leaf spot disease and higher forage yield. It might be a good line for farmers. If the lodging could be prevented. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。