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題 名 | 從心理分析看梁漱溟早年的發展--佛洛伊德、阿德勒、艾力克森人格理論的應用=Liang Shu-ming's Early Development in the Light of Psychoanalysis--The Application of S. Freud's, A. Adler's and H. Erikson's Personality Theories |
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作 者 | 趙慶河; | 書刊名 | 世界新聞傳播學院人文學報 |
卷 期 | 7 1997.07[民86.07] |
頁 次 | 頁165-206 |
分類號 | 782.88 |
關鍵詞 | 自我認同; 認同危機; 心理真實; 佛洛伊德; 阿德勒; 艾力克森; Self-identity; Identity-crisis; Psychological truth; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文以梁漱溟的早年生涯(一八九三年∼一九二一年)為主軸,探討其一生中人格形塑的基本動力。除前言與結論外,共分成三個主要部分,分別是「梁漱溟的早年生涯」、「聖人自許的心理分析」及「思想多變的心理分析」。從心理分析學的觀察,一生中以聖賢自命的梁漱溟,必須從其童年、青年期的教養關係及師友交往,中得其形塑動力的來源,本文藉佛洛伊德的超我(super-ego)理論及個體心理學阿德勒(A. Adler)的自卑與超越理論,作一解析參考;此外,梁漱溟早年的思想轉折,徬徨多變,亦與當時時局的動盪不安有密切的相關,其追求自我認同(self-identity)的過程與當時多數知識分子追求解救中國、救亡圖存的危機意識相似,從而交融並存形成激烈多變的危機解決過程,這種情形,與心理學家艾力克森(E. H. Erikson)所謂的認同危機(identity crisis)理論, 又有若干相似,而危機解決後的梁漱溟,其展現的豐沛創作力,也與艾力克森的論點符合。本文固然參酌西方心理學家理論,但撰文方式仍遵守史學著作體例,不以建構理論為主,而是藉此論述,探討梁漱溟的「心理真實」(psychological truth),並以此與西方學者的人格心理學理論,作一東西對照,以往相關研究者參考。 |
英文摘要 | The main theme of this study is to find Liang Shu-ming's personality shaping forces in his early life (1893-1921). The text includes three main parts: the early life of Liang Shu-ming, the analysis of his comparing himself to a sage, and the analysis of the constant changes of his thoughts." In analyzing Liang Shu-ming's comparing himself to a sage, researchers must trace to his upbringing and the circle of his friends and teachers in his early life. I cite Freud's and Adler's theories to support my viewpoints. As to Liang Shu-ming's constant changes of his thoughts, I refer Erikson's self-identity theory to explain his status. He tried to help his country tide over the national crises. The frustrations disillusioned his enthusiasm and thus caused his identity crisis. After settling the crisis, Liang expressed the abundant creativity in his writings and found his lifelong career as Erikson's theories indicate. This study combines western psychological theories and Chinese historiography. It intends to reveal the psychological truth of Liang Shu-ming's life and tries to provide a Chinese character's behavior pattern for further research. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。