頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 使用問題分析式教學模式輔助學生學習電腦程式設計=Using a Problem Analysis Model to Enhance Student Learning in Computer Programming |
---|---|
作 者 | 王曉璿; | 書刊名 | 中學教育學報 |
卷 期 | 4 1997.06[民86.06] |
頁 次 | 頁1-44 |
分類號 | 521.53 |
關鍵詞 | 問題分析式教學模式; 電腦程式設計; CAI; CAL; Constructivism; Problem analysis model; Mental model; Conceptual model; Simulation; Situated learning; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在相關的電腦程式教學研究中顯示,初學者於嘗試解決程式設計問題時,會有惰 性知識的產生。同時在許多教學電腦程式設計研究中,亦指出提供適當的程式設計及電腦結 構中的基本觀念給初學者,將有助於他們增強程式設計中的心理認知了解,並減少錯誤概念 的形成。因此這篇論文的主要目的是探究應用〞問題分析式教學模式〞,對於電腦初學者在 程式設計問題解決中克服惰性知識,及增進程式設計問題解決能力的效益情形。 問題分析式教學模式整合並包括了在資訊教學中的觀念教學模式及整體式教學模式。這個教 學模式主要有兩部份:學習前基礎觀念建構模組及教學中的整體式教學策略。學習前基礎觀 念建構模組包括數個以建構學習理論所設計的模擬軟體系統,旨在提供學生擬真操作環境, 以讓學生建構他們正式進入課程學習中的基礎觀念。而整體式教學策略主要是幫助學生應用 問題導向的學習過程,整合學生的程式設計知識,以實際解決程式設計的問題。這個教學策 略共包括四個程序:問題介紹,問題診斷,學習活動,及學習作業。 整個研究的實際過程,在臺灣省中等學校教師研習會所開設的電腦基礎班進行,共有100 位在職進修教師完成全部研究過程。其中控制組有47位,實驗組有53位。每一梯次包含 36小時五十分鐘的課程,總共五天的研習。研習內容有三部份,電腦基本概念,中文文書 處理,及資料庫程式設計。 從研究結果顯示,參與研究的教師在問題分析學習模式下比傳統教學模式下,建立了較完整 的基本電腦資料庫概念,並且在資料庫程式設計中有較好的學習效果。這個結果可作為將此 學習模式,提供給資訊教師設計資訊教學架構的參考依據。同時亦可輔助教師整合已存在的 現有教材,重新加以組織教學方式,以增加學習功效。對於未來研究者而言,也可使用這個 學習模式,來人戶為探究其它學習主題的參考依據,或可進一步分析此模式中不同模組對於 學生學習功效的貢獻所在。最後,對於其它相關研習機構,此套學習模式亦提供了一套電腦 研習架構,以協助在職教師進行相關研習,而提升其電腦相關知能。 |
英文摘要 | Research on computer programming suggests that novice programmers possess inert knowledge when trying to solve programming problems. Moreover, research on teaching and learning computer programming indicates that offering appropriate conceptual models of computer programming concepts to novice programmers enhances their mental models and reduces their misconceptions in computer programming. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a problem analysis learning model of computer programming to help novice programmers overcome their inert knowledge and learn a programming language. The problem analysis learning model combines a conceptual model and a holistic instructional approach for computer programming instruction. The conceptual component of the problem analysis model includes several computer simulations of database concepts. The purpose of the conceptual component of the problem analysis model is to offer students an opportunity to manipulate data in the computer simulatoions before formal instruction in order to help them construct their own knowledge of basic database concepts. The purpose of the holistic component of the problem analysis learning model is to help students integrate their programming knowledge to solve database problems. The holistic approach includes a four-step process that consists of problem introduction, problem diagnosis, learning activities, and database assignments. This study involved 100 inservice teachers enrolled in a basic computer programming workshop at The Institute for Secondary Schools Teachers in Taiwan(ISST). The teachers were randomly assigned to one of the two workshops conducted in this study(43 teachers in the control group and 53 teachers in the expermental group). Each workshop consisted of 36 hours of instruction over five days. Three subjects were tauhgt in each workshop: basic computer concepts(BCC), Chinese word processing, and database activities. The results indicated that the problem analysis learning model helped the participants develop more complete mental models of basic database concepts. Moreover, the participants in the problem analsis learning model developed better database programming skills than those in the traditional computer programming workshop. The results of this study may provide a useful conceptual framework for the design of a computer programming course for teachers. Due to the results of this study, computer practitioners/teachers may re-organize their instructional methods used with existing content materials to enhance studyent learning in computer programming. Future researchers may use the problem analysis model as a foundation to explore learning in other subjects. Moreover, researchers could examine parts of this model in greater detail to identify specific items or procedures that contribute to student learning. Finally,this research study also provides a workshop structure to help inservice teachers increase their computing proficiency, and it may assist institutions in organizing their training programs. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。