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題名 | 滯洪壩消能元鼎塊之試驗研究=A Study on the Energy Dissipation of the Hexa-Hollow Tri-Leg Structure at the Flood Detention Dam |
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作者 | 何宜忠; 段錦浩; 呂欣展; | 書刊名 | 水土保持學報 |
卷期 | 29:1 1997.03[民86.03] |
頁次 | 頁1-14 |
分類號 | 443.92 |
關鍵詞 | 滯洪壩; 消能元鼎塊; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗根據滯洪壩開口之水流狀況及局部沖刷特性,於壩下游舖設梯型排列元鼎 塊護坦,使其具有導流之功效,以降低開口處兩岸及河床之沖刷,並確保壩之安全。採用三 種護坦底寬及三種縱斷面因子,針對不同渠床坡度、流量及壩末淤滿前之清水流下,探討護 坦沖刷及消能之情形。經試驗結果得知,護坦之能量消減隨著流量及渠床坡度增加而增加, 而護坦底寬於 4.8cm 時,能量消減較大; 沖刷最大深度隨流量及渠床坡度之增加而加大, 而護坦底寬於 14.4cm,縱斷面因子於 5.1 ∼ 5.6 時,有較小之最大沖刷深度。 本試驗之 護坦排列,在順坡及較窄底寬時,較利於壩上下游水生動物之平衡及保育,惟護坦受水流之 破壞力亦強,所以在護坦設計時,若為生態考量,需加強護坦設施,並兼顧水生動物之保育 及壩之安全。 |
英文摘要 | The trapezoidal cross-section apron of the Hexa-Hollow Tri-Leg Structure are placed according to the flow condition and the local scouring characteristics near the opening of the flood detention dam at downstream of the dam to guide the flow and enhance the dam safety. The purpose of this placement is to reduce the scouring of rivebank and riverbed. The scouring ability and effectiveness of energy dissipation of the three different widths of the cross section and the three different longitudinal profile of the apron under different slopes were discuessed. The results showed that the energy dissipation of the apron increased with increasing bed slope and discharge. The bottom width of the apron cross section of 4.8 cm appeared to have better energy dissipation. The maximum scouring depth also increased as the bed slope and the discharge increased. The maximum scouring depths were low. When the bottom width of the apron cross section is 14.4 cm and the value of longitudinal profile factor is between 5.1 and 5.6. The apron placed along the bed slope with a narrow bottom width at the cross section is better for fish migration but less effeetive for flood regulation. For ecological considerations, the apron should be improved to ensure the protection of aquatic animals and dam safety. |
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