頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 竹林七賢任誕行為與其分道揚鑣之探討=A Study on the Unrestrained Behavior and Distraction of the Seven Wise Men of the Bamboo Grove in the 3th Century A.D. |
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作 者 | 劉榮傑; | 書刊名 | 國立屏東科技大學學報 |
卷 期 | 8:1 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁 次 | 頁71-83 |
分類號 | 123 |
關鍵詞 | 魏晉玄學; 越名教而任自然; 竹林七賢; Metaphysics of the wei and jin dynasties; Acting beyond the bounds of propriety and doing as he pleases; Known as the seven wise men of the bamboo grove; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 魏晉玄學在發展的過程中,由王弼開始,企圖融合儒、道,是玄學發展的內在邏 輯,而阮籍、嵇康提出「越名教而任自然」是發展過程中的分歧。他們激烈地崇道反儒是時 勢所逼,不得不然;同時也付出了相當的代價,阮籍內心掙扎一生,嵇康步上被誅的命運。 其他曾作竹林之遊的名士,早期雖有崇尚自然的傾向,然到最後不是明哲保身,就是投入司 馬政權的行列,這種現象象徵著某些意義。中國士人在歷代政權中所扮演的角色,大多數是 儒家思想的維護者,他們也時常揉合道家、法家的治術協助國君鞏固政權,而以道家思想作 為反彈或自我調適者,則居於次要地位。阮籍、嵇康等人的崇道任誕行為,只是在理想未能 展現下的一種反彈,其實不是他們的思想本色。可惜的是,在荒誕的晉朝貴族子弟中,有人 卻以任誕充當名士,而造成一股不良的社會風氣,這應是阮籍、嵇康所始料未及的。本文前 言概述魏晉之際竹林名士思想之發展背景,正文則對竹林名士之行徑進行剖析,藉以瞭解他 們會步上出世或入世的必然結果,結論歸納出「越名教而任自然」之所以無法成為當時思想 界之主旋律,在於實踐者無法擺脫傳統的社會價值觀,更無法和現實的社會(尤其是政權團 體)對抗,所以嵇康的結局雖然壯烈,但免不了令人扼腕;阮籍鬱悶終生,向秀失圖,山濤 、王戎等人投向司馬政權,此乃不可避免的必然途徑。試觀中國歷史,有多少士人可以擺脫 現實的環境! |
英文摘要 | Wang Bi was the forerunner who built the metaphysics which intended to combine the Taoist school with the Confucian school, then it had become the main current of metaphysics during the Wei and Jin dynasties. Several years latter, Juan Chi and Chi Kang built the theory of "acting beyond the bounds of propriety and doing as he pleases". They had the reasons to against decorum and not easily understood by others. Juan Chi was despondent throughout his life, and Chi Kang was killed. The other members of the Seven Wise Men of the Bamboo Grove compromised their integrity. It symbolized some special meanings. In China, most scholars were the supporters of the ruler, they combined the Confucian and Taoist schools to execute government orders. The Taoist school was not the important thought, it was regarded as the regulation to reduce stress in life. So the theory of "acting beyond the bounds of propriety and doing as he pleases" was not the bottom of Juan Chi and Chi Kang's heart. The foreword of this paper is a brief introduction to the thoughts background between the Wei and Jin dynasties. The main body of writing is to study the philosophies about their lives and their different fates, then this paper has a conclusion: Why "acting beyond the bounds of propriety and doing as he pleases" couldn't play a leading role, because the actors couldn't get away from the traditional authority, they couldn't be in opposition to the men holding the reins of government. At last, the Seven Wise Men of the Bamboo Grove engaged in the different pursuits, it was the insolvable situation. How many scholars could cast off the realities of life? |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。