頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 康有為保皇的意義=Kang Youwei's Campaign for "Emperor Protection" and its Meaning |
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作 者 | 汪榮祖; | 書刊名 | 暨大學報 |
卷 期 | 2:1 1998.03[民87.03] |
頁 次 | 頁1-12+321-322 |
分類號 | 627.87 |
關鍵詞 | 康有為; 保皇; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 戊戌政變之後,康有為亡命海外,組織保皇會,大力提倡保皇,予人一種封建保 守的印象,近代學者亦常以康自早年的進步思想倒退為說,其實未深明康保皇之意圖,此文 僅就近年出版的保皇會史料,重新評說康氏保皇的意義。 康氏於戊戌變法時,受光緒特遇之知,心存感激,自不待言,然康氏之保皇絕非僅止於君臣 之情,實寄政治改革之望於光緒,庚子拳亂,康雖救主不成,仍秉特保皇之義,直至清廷開 始立憲,康改保皇會為立憲黨,亦可略知其保皇之微意。 康之強烈反對革命固無可疑,因其認為革命召亂,有百害而無一,利民初之亂象更令其感到 皇位之不可缺,遂有虛君共和的主張,其目的仍擬以共和國體,行君主立憲之實,完成其一 貫的逐步政治改革理論。於此可見康有為之政治主張有其一貫性,保皇一事並不能視為其生 平 " 倒退 " 的一個插曲。 |
英文摘要 | After the 1889 coup Kang Youwei sought refuge abroad and founded the "Emperor-Protection Society." This banner gives rise to the impression of Kang's narrow-minded obsesssion with the Guangxu Emperor. Modern historians thus often take it for granted that Kang's thought moved a step backward. But this general view tends to obscure Kang's real intention, and this essay is an attempt to revisit the meaning of Kang's Campaign for "Emperor Protection" by using recently available sources. To be sure, Kang had every reason to show his gratitude to the Emperor who had shown so much confidence in him during the Reform of 1889. But his main concern was not really personal. His effort to protect the reform-minded Emperor was no more than to keep the hope of reform alive in the wake of the tragic coup. He connected the fate of the Emperor to that of reform. The Boxer catastrophe of 1900 further convinced him the danger of conservatism and the importance of restoring the reform-minded Emperor to power. He failed to rescue the Emperor but the felt even more duty-bound to maintain his stance of Emperor Protection so as to keep the option of reform alive in the middle of the rising revolutionary tide. Once the Qing court considered consitutionalism, he was ready to transform the Emperor Protection Society into the Constitutional Party. Kang's opposition to revolution was absolutely firm because he believed violence would do great harm to China. For a stable China he found it necessary to retain the throne. After the founding of the Republic, however, he advocated a republic with a titular emperor as a compromise. He tried to use the titular emperor to revive de facto constitutional monarchy in order to proceed reform without being disrupted by disorder created by revolution. Hence Kang's political goal of reforming China by gradual means was fairly consistent, and his campaign for Emperor Protection cannot be considered a reactionary episode in his life. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。