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題名 | 離乳仔豬微量礦物質用量對生長和免疫反應之影響(1)--銅和鋅= |
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作者 | 顏宏達; 李德南; 龐飛; |
期刊 | 中華農學會報 |
出版日期 | 19940900 |
卷期 | 167 1994.09[民83.09] |
頁次 | 頁123-137 |
分類號 | 437.656 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 銅; 鋅; 生長性能; 免疫反應; 離乳仔豬; Copper; Zinc; Growth performance; Imunity; Weaned pigs; |
中文摘要 | 採用80頭四週齡離乳仔豬(平均體重7.2kg),公母各半,依體重和性別逢機分配於五種飼料處理組中,各組銅和鋅的添加量分別為(1)不添加、(2)銅125和鋅100ppm、(3)銅125和鋅200ppm、(4)銅250和100ppm和(5)銅250和鋅200ppm,以測定離乳仔豬飼料中銅和鋅之最佳組合,並評估銅和鋅間在生長和免疫反應上可能具有之交感作用。飼料以玉米和大豆粕為主,並補充足量維生素和其他礦物質,基礎飼料中含銅33、鋅138及鐵157ppm。每處理組有四重複(欄),而每欄有豬4頭,位食飼養至11週齡(平均體重約25kg)。試驗期間豬隻每兩進稱重並計算生長和飼料效率。在試驗第2週後每週定期採血進行對綿羊紅血球(SRBC)和豬胸膜肺帶放線桿菌(AP)抗體力價之體液免疫反應測定和三種細胞—媒介免疫反應之測定,包括第2、4、6 和7週採血收進血液淋巴球,以不同濃度之concanayalin A (Con A)刺激後測定其細胞之分裂能力和interleukin 2 (IL-2)產生能力,以及於試驗進行第21和45天於皮下注射phytohemagglutinin (PHA)測定皮膚腫脹程度。飼料中不同含量的銅和鋅組合,顯著地影響離乳後0-4週豬隻的每日增重和飼料換肉率(P<0.01),以及3-4週豬隻的飼料採食量(P<0.01)。飼料中如添加高量的銅(250ppm)和鋅(超過100ppm),可顯著地提高離乳後4週之仔豬的每日增重和具有改善飼料換肉率之趨勢,但並未持續至術後之5至7週。反之,低量的銅與高量的鋅組合,則有抑制每日增重之趨勢。飼料中添加銅250和鋅100ppm之豬隻,在第7週採血獲得較高之抗綿羊紅血球抗體力價(P=0.06)。不同銅和鋅含量下豬胸膜肺炎放線桿菌的抗體力價反應,各飼料處理組在各週齡間差異並不顯著,但總合各週次的抗體力價,顯示高銅量和高鋅量組合較其他各組有較高之力價。試驗第21天進行皮膚PHA腫脹測試,發現銅125和鋅100ppm處理組較其他各組有顯著較低之腫脹反應(P<0.05),但於試驗第45天時,各處理組間的差異則不顯著。飼料中添加銅125和鋅200ppm或2銅250ppm和鋅100ppm之組合,在第2週以Con A 10μg/ml濃度刺激血液淋巴球之分裂能力為最強(P<0.01);其餘各處理組在不同週齡以不同濃度Con A刺激皆未達顯著水準。不同銅鋅組合對血液淋巴球產生IL-2的能力並無影響。綜合上述不同銅和鋅組合飼料的生長性能和免疫反應之毠響,雖然各種測定項目並沒有一致之結果,但由生長性能、綿羊紅血球抗體力價及血液淋巴球分裂能力的結果推斷飼料中鵡加銅250ppm和鋅100ppm可能對離乳仔豬進入保育期的初期有促進生長和強化免度能力的效果。 |
英文摘要 | A total of 80, 4-week-old pigs (averaged body weight 7.2 kg), half male and half female, were randomly assigned to 5 different diet groups according to their body weight and sex. The 5 diet groups were (1) basic diet only, (2) basic diet supplemented with 125 ppm copper (Cu/100 ppm zinc (Zn), (3) basic diet supplemented with 125ppm Cu/200 ppm Zn, (4) basic diet supplemented with 250 ppm Cu/100 Zn, and (5) basic diet supplemented with 250 ppm Cu/200 ppm Zn. The basic diet contained corn and soybean meal, vitamins, and minerals in which the minerals included 33 ppm Cu, 138 ppm Zn, and 157 ppm iron. The optimal dietary supplementation of Cu/Zn and its possible effects on the growth performance and immunity in weaned pigs were evaluated. The study was done in 4 replicates, each containing 4 pigs. The pigs were fed on the designated diet ad libitum until the age of 11-week-old (average body weight 25 kg) and the daily feed consumption of each gropu was measured. The pigs were weighted every other week and immunized with sheep erythocytes (SSRBC) and a bacterin of Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (AP) on weeks 2 and 5. Body weight gain and feed efficiency were caluculated. Blood samples were taken right before immunization and therafter wekkkly for the measurement of serum antibody titers to SRBC and AP. On weeks 2, 4, 6, and 7 peripheral blood lymphoctyes were collected and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced balstogenesis and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production were measured. In addition, the pigs received a dose of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) subcutaneously on days 21 and 45 and the size of selling at each of the injection site was measured. It appeared that the addition of Cu/Zn of various combinations in the ratio could affect the daily weight gain and feed efficiency during the first 4 weeks, and feed intake during the 3rd-4th week period of pigs after weaning, respectively. A significantly increased daily weight gain and a slightly improved, but not statistically significant, feed efficiency were present the group of 250 ppm Cu/100 ppm Zn; on the contrary, the gropu sfed on diet containing lower levels of Cu/Zu showed decreased in daily weight gain. Higher mean anti-SRBC antibody titer was seen in the group of 250 pm Cu/100 ppm Zn at week 7 when compared to the basic diet group. Although no differences were noted in the antibody tiers to AP bacterin among all groups at any of the weeks examined, the averaged values of the overall mean anti-AP antibody titers were higher in the groups containing higher levels of Cu/Zn than were in the group containing lower levels. For the PHA-induced skin swelling , on day 21 the group of 125ppm Cu/100 Zn had significantly smaller size of swelling than any other groups; however, the differences were not apparent by day 45. As for the Con A-induced lymphoblastogenesis, the groups of 125 ppm Cu/200 ppm Zn and 250 ppm Cu/100 ppm Zn had significantly higher responses than did other groups at week 2; however, no apparent differences were seen in other time periods. No significant effects were observed in the Con A-conduced IL-2 production of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Although no consistent results were seen in any of the tested groups throughout the study, the data of growth performance, anti-SRBC antibody titers, and Con have the potential to enhance the growth performance and immunity of pigs at the early stage after weaning. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。