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題名 | 中國大陸的城鎮人口及城鎮化水平=Mainland China's Urban Population and Urbanization Level |
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作者 | 馬潤潮; Ma, Laurence J. C.; |
期刊 | 人口學刊 |
出版日期 | 19890600 |
卷期 | 12 1989.06[民78.06] |
頁次 | 頁1-27 |
分類號 | 542.12 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 中國大陸; 城鎮; 人口; 城鎮化; |
中文摘要 | 對中國大陸的城鎮人口數量及城鎮化水平的高低問題,中外學者一向都有不同的看法,引起了對這一問題的混淆。其主要原因是大陸的城鎮及其相關的人口資料,缺乏標準的及固定的定義。本文運用了大量的大陸的一手資料,說明了城鎮及城鎮人口的定義及其相互關係,闡述了大陸的幾種主要城鎮人口類型及其特徵,並分析了為何使用不同額型的人口資料,會得到不同的城鎮化水平。本文並提出了一套較完整的大陸城鎮人口資料,用之可以較確切地探討大陸的城市化水平。 1979年後,大陸城鎮的行政體制起了巨大的變化,直接地影響到城鎮人口的統計。許多學者常用“城鎮總人口”來作為衡量大陸城鎮化的指標;如用此一指標,則大陸在1984年底,有31.9%寫的人口是城鎮人口。本文認為這一數字過份高估了大陸的城鎮化水平,因數字內含有大量農業人口。吾人建議應使用“城鎮非農業人口”來作為衡量城鎮化的標準。如用此一標準,則大陸在1984年底的城鎮化水平,僅為15.7%。 |
英文摘要 | There has been much confusion among Western and Chinese scholars concerning the actual size and the level of urbanization in mainland China due to the lack of standardized and well-defined terms for the urban settlements and urban population on the mainland. This paper clarifies the relationship between geographic units and demographic data, identifies the major types of urban population and their characteristics, explains the reasons for the differing levels of urbanization revealed in various data sources, and presents a comprehensive data series on mainland China’s urbanization that best approximates reality. Considerable attention is directed 10 the post-1979 urban administrative changes that have dramatically enlarged the boundaries of many cities and towns and greatly affected the sizes of their populations. A commonly used indicator of mainland China’s urbanization level is the aggregate population of the officially designated cities and towns. If this indicator is used, then mainland China's population was 31.9 percent urban in 1984. It is argued that this indicator is inappropriate as it inflates the size of the urban population. A more realistic measure of urbanization is promoted, which excludes the agricultural population of cities and towns and shows that mainland China was merely 15.7 percent urban in 1984. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。