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題名 | 利用玉米全套轉座染色體材料釐定抗赤條病基因之座落位置 |
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作者 | 劉孔生; 陳成; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 104 1978.12[民67.12] |
頁次 | 頁5-12 |
關鍵詞 | 玉米; 全套轉座染色體; 抗赤條病; 材料; 基因; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本試驗係利用抗玉米赤條病之02自交系,與玉米全套轉座染色體材料進行雜交,分析其後裔,釐定寄主抗、感病基因座落之染色體對及位置,以供今後抗病育種之參考。 在各雜交組合之P1(轉座親本)、P2(抗病親本)及F1三系統中,發病指數以P1最高,P2最低,F1則介於二親本之間,正反交配組合差異不顯著,因此抗病基因為無顯性或部分險性,不受細胞質基因控制,但受環境影響。F2蠟質族?呈連續性常態分布,無明顯之?度,總平均發病指數落於二親本之間,故抗、感病性由多對基因或微效基因控制。在T-5×02, T-6×02, T-8×02, 02×T-8及T-10×02五組合中,F2之平均與P1甚接近而與F1有顯著差異,因此抗、感病基因可位於第四、五、七、十對染色體上。在(T-5×02)×T-5, (T-6×02)×T-6, (T-8×02)×T-8及(T-10)×T-10四回交子代中前三組合之抗病性與蠟質胚乳二性狀表型分離比與1:1:1:1之擬說分離比差異顯著,顯示第四、五、七對染色體上確含有抗、感病基因,再由實測分離比計算其其與轉座斷點之距離分別為15, 10與23個交換單位。 由於轉座材料僅使用蠟質一個標識基因,可釐定之範圍有限,且玉米赤條病之抗病性係由多對基因控制,又受環境影響,不易區分各基因之效應,因此不能肯定抗病性僅由三對基因控制,如欲確定基因對數,尚需以較多之標識基因進行多點測驗。 |
英文摘要 | The present experiment was conducted to locate genes controlling resistance to bacterial stripe on the chromosomes of corn by reciprocal translocation method. The reciprocal translocation homozygous lines (P1) were found to be the most susceptible while the inbred line 02 (P2) was resistant to the disease. The F1 plants showed an intermediate disease reaction. These results indicate that the disease resistance is either controlled by the partial dominant genes or non-dominant genes. A similar pattern of disease reaction was observed in the reciprocal crosses showing that there is no cytoplasmic effect on the disease reaction. The disease reaction of the plants carrying waxy gene in F2 population showed a normal distribution with its average value at the mid-parent indicating that the disease resistance is controlled by multiple genes or polygene. In the crosses of T-5×02, T-6×02, 02×T-8, T-8×02 and T-10×02, the difference in mean disease reaction between F2 and P1 is smaller than that between F2 and F1 indicating that the disease resistant gene may be located on the 4th, 5th, 7th and 10th chromosomes. In the back crosses of (T-5×02)×T-5, (T-6×02)×T-6 and (T-8×02)×T-8, the segregating progenies does not fit to the expected independent assortment ratio of 1WxR: 1WxS: 1wxR:1wxS. This indicates that the gene responsible for disease resistance are linked with the break point of the 4th, 5th, and 7th chromosomes. The recombination value between the break point of the 4th, 5th, and 7th chromosomes and genes for resistance to bacterial stripe were estimated to be 15, 10 and 23, respectively. |
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