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題名 | Developing Innovative and Cost-effective UAS-PPK Module for Generating High-accuracy Digital Surface Model |
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作者 | Lu, Cheng-hao; Tsai, Shu-min; Wu, Ming-tien; Lin, Di-yi; | 書刊名 | Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences |
卷期 | 34:1 2023.12[民112.12] |
頁次 | 頁(23)1-(23)12 |
分類號 | 440.98 |
關鍵詞 | Digital surface model; Geomorphic monitoring; Unmanned aerial system; Post‑processing kinematics; Georeferencing; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
DOI | 10.1007/s44195-023-00055-1 |
英文摘要 | Traditional indirect georeferencing requires time‑consuming and labor‑intensive field surveys to obtain ground control points (GCPs), making it challenging to apply in high‑risk areas with limited accessibility. This study proposes a novel and low‑cost system for direct georeferencing using unmanned aerial system post‑processing kinemat‑ ics (UAS‑PPK), which is less than a quarter of the price of commercially available products. To evaluate the accuracy of the aerial surveys of the custom‑built module and digital surface models, we used 15 checkpoints (CPs) and 99 validation points (VPs). The results showed that this UAS‑PPK module could deliver high‑precision aerial surveys with a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 4 cm for three dimensions without using control points. After add‑ ing one GCP, the RMSE of three dimensions was close to that of traditional aerial survey methods using 12 GCPs, hav‑ ing a vertical accuracy of 2.51 cm. The same 99 VPs were used to evaluate the accuracy of the digital surface model produced using UAS‑PPK. The results showed that the accuracy was close to that of traditional aerial survey methods, having an average error of less than 3 cm. We demonstrated the self‑made attachable UAS‑PPK module to be a reli‑ able and accurate survey tool in geoscience applications. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。