頁籤選單縮合
題名 | Human ACE2 Protein Is a Molecular Switch Controlling the Mode of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission= |
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作者 | Yang, Chao-fu; Liao, Chun-che; Hsu, Hung-wei; Liang, Jian-jong; Chang, Chih-shin; Ko, Hui-ying; Chang, Rue-hsin; Tang, Wei-chun; Chang, Ming-hao; Wang, I-hsuan; Lin, Yi-ling; |
期刊 | Journal of Biomedical Science |
出版日期 | 20230000 |
卷期 | 30 2023[民112] |
頁次 | 頁(87)1-(87)13 |
分類號 | 410.1636 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | SARS‑CoV‑2; COVID‑19; ACE2; Cell‑free transmission; Cell‑to‑cell transmission; |
英文摘要 | Background Human angiotensin‑converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) is the receptor mediating severe acute respira‑ tory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection. hACE2 expression is low in the lungs and is upregulated after SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. How such a hACE2‑limited pulmonary environment supports efficient virus transmission and how dynamic hACE2 expression affects SARS‑CoV‑2 infection are unclear. Methods We generated stable cell lines with different expression levels of hACE2 to evaluate how the hACE2 expres‑ sion level can affect SARS‑CoV‑2 transmission. Results We demonstrated that the hACE2 expression level controls the mode of SARS‑CoV‑2 transmission. The hACE2‑limited cells have an advantage for SARS‑CoV‑2 shedding, which leads to cell‑free transmission. By contrast, enhanced hACE2 expression facilitates the SARS‑CoV‑2 cell‑to‑cell transmission. Furthermore, this cell‑to‑cell transmis‑ sion is likely facilitated by hACE2‑containing vesicles, which accommodate numerous SARS‑CoV‑2 virions and trans‑ port them to neighboring cells through intercellular extensions. Conclusions This hACE2‑mediated switch between cell‑free and cell‑to‑cell transmission routes provides SARS‑ CoV‑2 with advantages for either viral spread or evasion of humoral immunity, thereby contributing to the COVID‑19 pandemic and pathogenesis. |
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