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題名 | 紀慎齋諸〈祈雨文〉的儒家本位與佛道實踐=The Confucian Standard Attitude and the Practical Approach of Buddhism and Daoism in Ji Shenzhai's "Praying for Rain" |
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作者 | 蔣馥蓁; Chiang, Fu-chen; |
期刊 | 歷史人類學學刊 |
出版日期 | 20230400 |
卷期 | 21:1 2023.04[民112.04] |
頁次 | 頁41-70 |
分類號 | 847 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 紀愼齋; 紀大奎; 求雨文; 先天壇集易傳求雨文; 求雨儀式; Ji Shenzhai; Ji Dakui; Praying for rain; Praying for Rain of Primordial Yi; Rainmaking rituals; |
中文摘要 | 紀慎齋所作祈雨文及相搭配儀式,以作者精於易數、地理卜算,並富含儒家易學精神的操作,富盛名於近世。然而究其操作設定可以發現,實作情況有許多創新的微妙特色。首先,儀式的操作與用度設定,其原理完全脫胎自先天易學,是相當純然的受科舉教育知識分子的理想概念;就執行方法上來說,同時指定由僧、道充任儀式人員,然執行內容卻非佛也非道,以致此後也未能被佛或道門的儀式傳統接受。此外,儀式文本是作者身為地方官為了人民求雨所創作,版本隨後受到許多同為(類似等級)地方官員的讚美、使用,在儒士階級間廣為流傳近1世紀。本文以目前可見的資料,包括數個祈雨科版本及題記、作者文集著作,以及方志筆記等材料,分析儀式設定、依此禱雨有驗的例證敘事,討論儒士官員在面對民間需要參與造作儀式時採取的態度與知識,指出這可能是嘗試融攝佛道與堅持儒家本位一個很特殊的例子。 |
英文摘要 | Ji Shenzhai's (1746-1825) "Praying for Rain" and its matching ritual are well-known in modern times because the author was proficient in the eight trigrams, geographical divination, and the spirit of Confucian Yi learning practice. Meanwhile, we can find many innovative subtle features in Ji's operation settings. First of all, for the setting of this ritual, its principle is completely derived from the Primordial Yi, a pure and ideal concept for the intellectuals who received education to pass the imperial examination. As for the practice method, it claims both monks and Daoists performed at the same time. However, the implementation is neither Buddhist nor Daoist, so the ritual tradition of Buddhism or Taoism has not accepted it. In addition, the ritual text was created by Ji, who was a local official, to pray for rain for the people. Therefore, that text was praised and used by many local officials of the same rank and was widely circulated among Confucian scholars for nearly a century. In this article, I use various types of extant materials, including different versions and inscriptions of the Rain Praying Section, Ji's anthology and works, and local gazetteers. The sources are used to analyze the ritual setting and the effective narrative examples of praying for rain and to discuss the attitude and knowledge adopted by Confucian officials to meet the population's needs and create the ceremony. This may be a very special example of integrating Buddhism and Daoism and adhering to the Confucian standard. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。