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題名 | 澳門風暴潮災害風險評估=Risk Assessment of Storm Surge Flooding in Macao |
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作者 | 鄭慧敏; 施華斌; 陸萬海; | 書刊名 | 澳門研究 |
卷期 | 2023:3=108 2023.11[民112.11] |
頁次 | 頁174-195+195_4 |
分類號 | 445.5 |
關鍵詞 | 澳門; 風暴潮; 災害風險評估; Macao; Storm surge; Risk assessment; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 由於全球變暖導致海平面上升,沿海城市面臨的風暴潮災害風險越來越高。 澳門是一個小型、高度城市化、人口密集的沿海城市,特別容易受到颱風和風暴潮的影 響。2017 年颱風“天鴿”在澳門附近的珠海登陸,造成澳門 10 人死亡,200 多人受傷和 15 億美元的災難性損失;2018 年颱風“山竹”也對澳門造成了嚴重的破壞。因此,評估風 暴潮災害風險對澳門未來的防災減災至關重要。然而,尚未有對像澳門這樣的小型、高 度城市化和人口密集的歷史城市面臨的風暴潮災害進行風險評估的報告。本文建立了澳 門風暴潮災害風險評估指標體系,包括風暴潮危險性指標、社會脆弱性指標和承災能力 指標,並確定了各指標的主觀、客觀和綜合權重。以颱風“天鴿”和“海高斯”分別作為極 端強颱風與典型颱風的樣本進行風險評估,分別分析了兩場颱風導致的風暴潮對澳門 23 個統計區的風暴潮災害的危險等級、脆弱等級和綜合風險等級,以幫助提高澳門海洋防 災減災和應急管理水平,進一步完善城市規劃。 |
英文摘要 | Coastal cities are increasingly exposed to storm surges due to the rising sea level caused by global warming. As a small-scale, highly urbanized, and densely populated coastal city, Macao is particularly vulnerable to typhoons and storm surges. In 2017, Typhoon Hato landed at Zhuhai, causing disastrous losses of 10 deaths, more than 200 injuries, and US$1.5 billion in Macao. In 2018, Typhoon Mangkhut again caused serious damage to Macao. Therefore, assessing the risk due to storm surges is crucial to Macao’s future disaster prevention and reduction. However, there have been no reports on risk assessment of storm surges for a small-scale, highly urbanized and densely populated historical city like Macao. This paper establishes a storm surge disastrous risk assessment index system for Macao, including indicators of storm surge hazard, social vulnerability, and disaster resilience. The subjective, objective, and combined weights of each indicator are determined. The risks of storm surge hazard in Macao under Typhoon Hato and Higos, respectively taken as an example of extreme typhoons and typical typhoons, are assessed. The levels of hazard, vulnerability, and comprehensive risk of storm surge flooding in the 23 statistical areas of Macao are analyzed. This study aims to improve the prevention and mitigation of coastal disasters, emergency management, and future urban planning in Macao. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。