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題 名 | 戒酒治療藥物Acamprosate=Pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Use Disorder: Acamprosate |
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作 者 | 鄭淑文; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷 期 | 36:1=142 2020.03[民109.03] |
頁 次 | 頁67-74 |
分類號 | 415.8752 |
關鍵詞 | 戒酒治療藥物; 酒精使用疾患; 酒精濫用; 酒精依賴; Acamprosate; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 酒精使用疾患是一種常見的精神疾病,會對個人健康和社會造成不良影響。透過戒酒治療,讓酒精使用疾患病人成功戒酒,可以降低酒精帶來的疾病負擔。Acamprosate 適用於已戒酒的酒精依賴者之戒酒維持療法,建議每日口服三次acamprosate calcium,每次2 顆333 mg 錠劑,每日總劑量1998 mg。Acamprosate 的作用機轉目前還未完全了解,但 acamprosate 可能經由調節麩胺酸 (glutamate) 和γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 神經傳遞,讓長期酒精暴露造成的神經興奮和抑制失衡狀態恢復正常。Acamprosate 相較於安慰劑,能改善多種酒精攝取相關的評估項目,包括降低再次飲酒風險和延長累計戒酒時間。Acamprosate 具有良好的安全性和耐受性,最常見的不良反應是腹瀉。Acamprosate 不會被肝臟代謝,也沒有濫用的可能性,適用於戒酒維持療法。由於acamprosate 具有良好的戒酒效果和安全性,所以世界生物精神醫學會和美國精神醫學會,均將 acamprosate 列為酒精使用疾患的第一線治療藥物。 |
英文摘要 | Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common psychiatric disorder, and leads to adverse health and social consequences. Successful treatment of AUD reduce disease burden by preventing relapse to drinking among abstinent individuals. Acamprosate is indicated for the maintenance of abstinence from alcohol in patients with AUD who are abstinent at treatment initiation. The recommended dose is 1998 mg/day (two 333 mg tablets three times daily). The mechanism of action of acamprosate is not completely understood, but may involve the restoration of imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition that occurs in chronic alcohol exposure by modulating glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission. Acamprosate can improve various alcohol-consumption outcomes vs. placebo, including reducing the risk of any drinking and increasing the cumulative abstinence duration. Acamprosate is safe and generally well tolerated, and the most common adverse event is diarrhea. Acamprosate is well-suited for treating a broad population of patients with AUD because it is not metabolized by the liver and has no abuse potential. Due to its better efficacy and safety profiles, acamprosate is a recommended first-line treatment option for patients with AUD in the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and American Psychiatric Association (APA) Guidelines. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。