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題名 | Problems in International Medical Assistance--Experience of a Taipei City Medical Team in The Indonesian Tsunami=國際醫療支援的問題--臺北市醫療隊於印尼海嘯的經驗 |
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作者 | 柯明中; 沈希哲; 張珩; 簫林仲; 鍾耀文; 劉志光; 李文凱; | 書刊名 | 臺灣急診醫學會醫誌 |
卷期 | 7:4 民94.12 |
頁次 | 頁220-232 |
分類號 | 419.53 |
關鍵詞 | 海嘯; 災難; 國際醫療支援; 事件指揮系統; Tsunami; Disaster; International medical assistance; Incident command system; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 背景與目的:2004年12月26日南亞大地震引發海嘯,在印尼蘇門答臘島造成超過十萬人死亡,台北市於2005年l月7日派遣災難醫療支援隊到蘇門答臘島進行醫療支援工作,本文探討此次醫療支援行動的預備、計劃及執行過程。方法-計畫、準備與執行:災難醫療支援隊根據事件指揮系統的組織架構設置,包括指揮、計劃、執行、後勤和財務五個部門;支援隊攜帶急重症、外傷急救設備與災區常見疾病所需藥品,並配備兩種衛星電話做爲替代通訊工具,他們搭乘民航客機前往,翻譯工作則由當地印尼華僑協助:三名隊員組成醫療先遣隊前往距離震央最近的美拉務市,並在當地災民收容所設立醫療站協助災區民眾的醫療照顧;其他隊員則留在棉蘭進行義診。結果:先遣隊於美拉務市設立的醫療站在四天中每天平均看診120位病人,常見醫療問題依序爲呼吸道感染(31%)、消化道疾病(24%)、傷口或皮膚問題(15%)、慢性疾病(11%)及慢性酸痛(9%)。這次國際醫療支援行動發現若干問題,包括:於出隊準備階段未充分考量支援時間點,導致過於強調重症、外傷急救設備;通訊基礎設施損害及衛星電話使用不夠熟練使通訊與訊息收集發生障礙:在缺乏邦交的情況下,人員、物資運輸是另一重要考量;語言溝通和翻譯的重要性也被低估,影響病情診斷與治療說明。結論:這次國際醫療支援行動突顯出一些災區國際醫療支援須注意的重點,包括:出隊準備階段應充分考量支援時間點,替代通訊設備的使用,和運輸、語言溝通問題的重要性。 |
英文摘要 | Background and Purpose: On December 26, 2004, a devastating tsunami triggered by a major earthquake struck Southeast and South Asia causing more than 100,000 deaths on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. The Taipei City government dispatched its disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) to Sumatra on January 7, 2005 to provide medical support. In this study, we investigated the team's process of preparation for, and planning and implementation of this medical assistance operation. Methods: The structure of the DMAT followed the principles of an incident command system and included 5 perspectives: command, medical operations, planning, logistics, and finance. The DMAT possessed equipment for advanced life saving and trauma management, as well as medications for diseases commonly encountered in areas affected by disasters. Two types of satellite phones were brought by our team as alternative communication devices. The team reached Sumatra by civilian airplane, and an Indonesian of Chinese descent helped with language translation. The goal of the DMAT was to provide medical care for people in the affected areas, and a medical station was established at a refugee camp in Meulabou, the nearest city to the earthquake epicenter. Results: About 120 patients were treated daily for 4 days. The most common medical conditions encountered in these patients were respiratory tract infections (31%), gastrointestinal disorders (24%), wounds or skin diseases (15%), chronic systemic diseases (11%), and chronic aches (9%). Problems which occurred during this international commitment included the lack of adequate consideration of the disaster stage during preparation of the equipment, which led to an overemphasis on the need for resuscitation or major trauma in the late post-disaster phase. Destruction of the communications infrastructure and unfamiliarity with the use of satellite phones hindered communication and the collection of information. Transportation was another important consideration in the situation of a lack of official diplomatic relations between Taiwan and Indonesia. The difficulty with adequate language translation was also underestimated, which limited our ability to provide correct information for making diagnoses and to explain to patients how to follow their prescriptions. Conclusions: Our experiences during this international medical assistance operation highlight several important areas in delivering medical care to a disaster area for international teams, including assessing the disaster phase during preparation, using alternative communication devices, and dealing with problems of transportation and language translation. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。