頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 社會保障的地域化:中國社會公民權的空間政治轉型=Sub-nationalization of Social Protection: The Spatial-Politics Transformation of Social Citizenship in China |
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作 者 | 施世駿; | 書刊名 | 臺灣社會學 |
卷 期 | 18 2009.12[民98.12] |
頁 次 | 頁43-93 |
分類號 | 548.222 |
關鍵詞 | 中國大陸; 社會保障; 社會公民權; 空間政治; Social security; Social citizenship; Spatial politics; China; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 在1990 年之後,中國大陸各項社會福利改革腳步隨之加快。但 是,現有的相關探討文獻對於這些快速轉變的福利制度和政策,在福 利理論面仍然缺少整體性的思考。本文有兩個目的:一方面藉由文獻 整理,指出當前討論中國社會福利與社會公民權發展的觀點局限性, 同時從這個討論出發,試圖提出一個從社會公民權的空間面向切入視 角,用來解析近年來由於戶籍制度鬆動所引發的福利改革與政策意 涵。作者認為地方政府(尤其是省)行政區域成為社會公民權重新劃 分的主要新界線,尤其是沿海地區的城鄉一體化趨勢,轉變了傳統戶 籍制度對於「城/鄉」身分的嚴格劃分,取而代之的決定因素是「本 地/外地」身分區隔。另一方面,這種社會公民權的界線移動也意味 地方政府在社會保障領域的主導權提升。作者從近年來地方政府在社 會保障與養老保險的積極創新作為,說明這些區域政策創新對於地方 政府之間、乃至全國的社會政策發展所帶來的改變。從這兩個面向的 分析,作者認為中國大陸社會福利改革的方向有很明顯的地域化現 象,反映出一種在空間政治層次的新形態社會保障重組過程,從而對 於社會公民權的賦予有深遠的意涵。 |
英文摘要 | The pace of welfare reform has accelerated in China since the 1990s. A closer look at current literature on Chinese social welfare reveals that it still lags far behind the progress of fast-changing welfare institutions and policies; and an adequate theoretical account to accommodate these institutional changes is still lacking. Departing from this observation, this article has two purposes: First, it identifies the limits of current literature on Chinese social welfare and social citizenship and proposes a perspective that emphasizes the spatial dimension of social citizenship to interpret ongoing welfare reforms as a result of the loosening Hukou system in China. An increasingly blurred boundary between “urban” and “rural” has given way to a new parting line, “within/without,” which demarcates the scope and extent of social citizenship within a region. In this process, local governments (especially provincial governments) have become an emerging administrative body setting the new demarcation line of social citizenship. Second, this article identifies the trend towards a subnationalization of social protection, which implies that local governments play an increasingly important role in the institutional design and innovation of social security. I use the example of local governments' pension insurance policy experiments to illustrate changes set in motion by these rising local policy innovations in terms of their influence on social policy-making at the national level. As a whole, the ongoing subnationalization of social protection is transforming the spatial politics of social welfare, which has profound implications for the development of social citizenship in contemporary China. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。