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題名 | Methods for Preventing the Invasion of Leucaena leucocephala in Coastal Forests of the Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan=恆春半島海岸林銀合歡入侵之防治方法 |
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作者 | 彭世賢; 王相華; 郭耀綸; Peng, Shih-hsien; Wang, Hsiang-hua; Kuo, Yau-lun; |
期刊 | 臺灣林業科學 |
出版日期 | 20190600 |
卷期 | 34:2 2019.06[民108.06] |
頁次 | 頁99-112 |
分類號 | 433.5 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 化學性防治; 環剝; 物理性防治; 遮陰; 萌蘗; Chemical control; Girdling; Physical control; Shading; Sprouts; |
中文摘要 | 原產於中美洲的銀合歡,在台灣的恆春半島西部及澎湖入侵嚴重。本研究以幾項物理及化學方式對此入侵樹種進行防治試驗。物理防治方面,砍除銀合歡成株後,每個月砍除根株萌蘗一次,經過12次的砍除仍無法抑制萌蘗再生。以黑色厚塑膠布包覆銀合歡根株,被包覆處無法產生萌蘗,但於未包覆處地表仍可長出萌蘗。藉遮陰網將林地相對光量降至5%,可顯著減少銀合歡萌蘗數63%及萌蘗枝長度30%,並令銀合歡種子苗無法存活。將銀合歡樹幹環剝,環剝處上方樹幹會枯死,但環剝處下方卻可長出十幾枝萌蘗,無法令全株死亡。化學防治方面,在銀合歡砍伐後的根株表面塗抹除草劑嘉磷塞,或在樹幹環剝處塗抹該除草劑,都不能抑制萌蘗再生。然而,在銀合歡樹幹鑽孔注射除草劑,於乾季僅施用3 ml即可顯著抑制冠層萌蘗葉比例(低於10%),但於雨季期間處理的抑制效果較差(萌蘗葉比例高於22%)。本研究結果顯示,在樹幹注射除草劑嘉磷塞為消除銀合歡成樹最有效的方法。若不考慮使用除草劑,今後可試驗砍伐銀合歡後將根株遮陰,並密集砍除萌蘗枝,檢驗兼用此兩項處理對抑制銀合歡萌蘗發生的效果。 |
英文摘要 | Leucaena leucocephala, which originates from Central America, has severely invaded the western Hengchun Peninsula and the Penghu Archipelago in Taiwan. This study conducted several physical and chemical control experiments aimed at preventing invasion by this species. Regarding physical control, although adult L. leucocephala trees were cut down and new sprouts were cut out once a month for 12 times, sprouting could still not be inhibited. After felling adult trees, the stumps were covered with a thick black plastic sheet. No sprouting occurred in the covered area, yet new sprouts emerged from an uncovered area nearby. Shading treatment using shading nets to reduce the relative light intensity to 5% significantly reduced 63% of the amount and 30% of the length of the sprouts, and rendered L. leucocephala seedlings unable to survive. Girdling treatment caused the upper trunk and branches above the girdled area to wither; however, sprouts still grew from the lower edge of the girdled area. Regarding chemical control, smearing herbicide (glyphosate) either on the cut surface of the stumps or on the girdled area of trunks did not inhibit sprouting. However, injection of 3 ml of glyphosate into the trunk of L. leucocephala during the dry season considerably inhibited the crown sprouting ratio (to < 10%), but during the rainy season, the injection was less effective (with a sprouting ratio of > 22%). Thus, this study suggests that injection of glyphosate into the trunk is the most effective method to eliminate L. leucocephala. However, if herbicide usage is not an option, further investigation could focus on the effectiveness of felling adult trees, shading the stumps, and intensively cutting out new sprouts to inhibit the sprouting of L. leucocephala. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。