查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 茭白矮化症之發生與防治=Occurrence and Control of Stunting Disease of Water Bamboo |
---|---|
作者 | 黃晉興; 安寶貞; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 65:3 2016.09[民105.09] |
頁次 | 頁278-285 |
分類號 | 435.22 |
關鍵詞 | 茭白; 矮化症; 夜間照光; 防治; Zizania latifolia; Stunting disease; Night lighting; Control; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 2001 年在埔里發生一種茭白矮化的病害,發病面積約500 ha,罹病株葉片變窄而短、葉片與葉鞘的角度常大於45 度而葉領間距縮短,以致於外觀呈現矮化的病徵。有些發病植株於幼苗期即結筍,但所結之筍細小而無商品價值,這病害稱之「矮化症」。經由生長箱栽培試驗結果顯示,茭白正常植株經過長暗期 (16 h d^(-1))或長暗期 (16 h d^(-1)) + 暗期中斷 (1 h d^(-1)) 的處理,則呈現與田間相同的矮化病徵,矮化的病株經過長光期 (16 hd^(-1))或長光期 (16 h d^(-1)) + 光期中斷(1 h d^(-1)),則恢復正常生長。田間夜間照光試驗區分為照光0、4、8 及12 h的處理,60 d後矮化症發病率分別為45.3、3.5、0 與0%,株高分別為127.0、158.5、171.2與186.4 cm,鮮重分別為2.5、3.2、3.8 與4.3 kg plant^(-1)。茭白於正常期(1月)種植與提早種植20 d 或40 d 之處理,發病率分別為5.4、14.9 與55.3%,三者皆有顯著差異 (P < 0.05),而這三時期種植予以夜間照光8 h,則發病率皆低於1.1%。由上述結果,顯示矮化症是茭白植株於長夜季節的生理反應,提早於冬季中期前種植會使病害嚴重,夜間照光可防治矮化症並能促進植株生長。 |
英文摘要 | In spring 2001, a kind of stunting disease of water bamboo (Zizania latifolia) occurred in about 500 hectares of farmland in Puli Township, central Taiwan. The leaf blades of the diseased plants were short and narrow, the distances between leaf collars were shortened, and the angles of the blades and sheaths were greater than 45 degrees. These symptoms caused the appearance of the plants looked dwarfing. Some of the diseased seedlings produced small smut galls, but the edible galls were small and valueless. Results from cultivation test in growth chamber showed that the normal plants were stunted with the same stunting symptoms in the fields after the treatments of long dark period (16 h d^(-1)) or long dark period with dark interruption (1 h d^(-1)); whereas, the stunted plants were back to normal growth after the treatments of long light period (16 h d^(-1)) or long light period with light interruption (1 h d^(-1)). Field trials were conducted with different night-lighting time including 4 treatments, lighting for 0, 4, 8, and 12 h, respectively. The disease incidences were 45.3, 3.5, 0, and 0%, respectively, the plant heights were 127.0, 158.5, 171.2, and 186.4 cm, respectively, and the shoots fresh weights were 2.5, 3.2, 3.8, and 4.3 kg plant^(-1), respectively. In the field test of beginning planting on the normal date (January 10th) or earlier by 20 or 40 days, the disease incidences were 5.4, 14.9, and 55.3%, respectively, with significant difference. By night-lighting for 8 h d^(-1) on these three treatments for 60 days, the disease incidences were all lower than 1.1%. The above results indicated that this stunting disease was a normal plant physiological response of water bamboo during the long-night season. Early planting before the mid-winter will enhance the disease, and nighttime illumination could prevent this disease and promote plant growth. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。