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題 名 | 熱處理對三種國產人工林木材化學性質之影響=Effects of Heat Treatment on the Chemical Properties of Three Domestic Plantation Wood Species |
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作 者 | 呂知諺; 卓志隆; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷 期 | 33:1 2014.03[民103.03] |
頁 次 | 頁13-26 |
分類號 | 436.188 |
關鍵詞 | 熱處理材; 化學元素與組成分; 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜; 活化能; Heat-treated wood; Elemental and chemical composition; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; FTIR; Activation energy; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以柳杉(“Cryptomeria japonica")、杉木(“Cunninghamia lanceolata")以及大葉桃花心木(“Swietenia macrophylla")三種人工林國產木材為研究對象。以4種不同溫度(170、190、210及230℃)和處理時間(1、2、4及8h)進行熱處理,探討處理後試材之木材化學元素、組成分與FT-IR光譜變化,並透過質量損失變化率與Arrenhius方程式評估各熱處理材之活化能。結果顯示木材經熱處理後之元素碳含量隨處理溫度升高而增加,元素氫與元素氧含量則隨處理溫度升高而逐漸減低。半纖維素含量在熱處理初期即有明顯減低,但α纖維素含量則須在210℃以上時才有較明顯的減低。熱處理溫度越高、時間越長,木質素含量與抽出物含量也會逐漸增加。經統計分析結果顯示熱處理溫度是影響化學成分變化的關鍵因子。FTIR光譜分析顯示熱處理木材之羥基(-OH)、羰基(C=O)化合物、纖維素C_1-H鏈結的吸收峰相對強度會降低,木質素苯環結構吸收峰比值則會增加。同時熱處理木材的結晶度指數(CI)皆會提升。依Arrenhius方程式計算杉木、柳杉、大葉桃花心木熱處理材質量損失達5%時之活化能分別為244.7、188.0、159.5 kJ/mol。 |
英文摘要 | Three plantation wood species including Japanese cedar (“Cryptomeria japonica"), China fir (“Cunninghamia lanceolata") and big-leaf mahogany (“Swietenia macrophylla") were used in this study. Heat treatments were carried out at four different temperatures (170,190, 210, and 230℃) and processing times (1, 2, 4, and 8 h). The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of heat treatment on the elemental contents, chemical compositions, and FT-IR spectra of woods. Models derived from the Arrenhius relationship to the change of mass loss in heat-treated woods and the corresponding activation energy values were also determined. The experimental results showed that the carbon content increased with increasing temperature exposure of heat treatment, while those of the hydrogen and oxygen contents were gradually decreased. Treated specimens exhibited significant reduction in hemicellose content in line with the severity of the treatment. The α-cellulose only degraded significantly for temperatures over 210℃. The relative extractives and lignin content of wood increased with increasing the treated temperatures and durations of processing time. Temperature has a greater influence on chemical properties of heat-treated wood than that of processing time according to statistical analysis. The relative absorption intensities of the hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, and the C_1-H linking of cellulose of heat treated woods determined from FT-IR analysis were lower than those of control specimens. The relative absorption intensities of aromatic ring structure of lignin of heat treated woods were higher than those of controls. In addition, the degree of crystalline index of wood was also increased after heat treatment. The estimated values of activation energy from Arrenhius model for 5% mass loss of heat-treated China fir, Japanese cedar, and big leaf mahogany were 244.7, 188.0, 159.5 kJ/mol, respectively. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。