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題名 | 狂犬病疫苗處方型態分析=Drug Utilization of Rabies Virus Vaccine |
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作者 | 陳佩欣; 陳智芳; 姚曼麗; 李韋瑩; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷期 | 31:2=123 2015.06[民104.06] |
頁次 | 頁127-130 |
分類號 | 418.293 |
關鍵詞 | 狂犬病疫苗; 藥物使用; Rabies virus vaccine; Drug utilization; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 前言:2013年7月台灣公佈檢驗出狂犬病病毒,爆發狂犬病疫情,因此人用狂犬 病疫苗使用量突增。本研究針對人用狂犬病疫苗之使用與 WHO 施打疫苗準則進行比 較,藉以了解狂犬病疫苗使用之現況。 方法:本研究收集某醫學中心2013年7月至2014年1月使用狂犬病疫苗之門急診病 人,以病歷回溯方式分析這些病人的就診科別、國籍、性別、年齡、每次劑量、施打 劑次、暴露情況、自費或公費疫苗。再與 WHO 施打疫苗準則進行分析,依病人暴露 情況、施打疫苗劑次、疫苗施打原因等,利用 excel 樞紐分析處方型態。 結果:有755人使用狂犬病疫苗,男性 (61%) 多於女性 (39%),年齡分布於1-20歲 (8%)、21-40歲 (43%)、41-64歲 (41%)、65-96歲 (8%),有42.4%為自費病人。 暴露前預防為34% (755分之257) 人,其中81.7%符合世界衛生組織的準則。暴 露前預防注射施打大多以職業需要,其次是自我防疫等。暴露後完成標準接種為 46.6%。由於 WHO 建議暴露後若觀察咬傷動物十日無狂犬病症狀者即可停止接種疫 苗,因此未完成施打5劑者亦屬合理範圍。暴露動物分別為狗 (62.8%)、貓 (18.2%)、 老鼠 (14.2%)、松鼠 (2.2%)、鼬獾 (0.8%)、猴子 (0.8%)、貂 (0.4%)、馬 (0.2%)、迷你 豬 (0.2%) 及不知 (0.2%)。 結論:本研究顯示施打狂犬病疫苗處方型態大多符合 WHO 施打疫苗準則,但我 們無法下定論,也沒有證據證明疫苗接種是因民眾恐慌效應效果。 |
英文摘要 | Background: There were rabies-free status for several decades of Taiwan until July, 2013. The experience for proper handling rabies vaccines is lacked for new staff in years. This study aim to assess the clinical rabies vaccines usages in a medical center of Taiwan.. Method: This study retrospective analyzed the demographic data of patients who received rabies vaccination from July 2013 to January 2014. Collected data include the age, gender, racial group, medical visit department, visiting times, exposure status, vaccination dosage, etc. Result: A total of 755 cases were included, female vs. male is 39% vs. 61% and 42.5% self-payment cases involved. The age structure of population were 1-20 years (8%)、21- 40 years (43%)、41-64 years (41%) and 65-96 years (8%). 34% (257/755) cases were used for pre-exposure immunization. 81.7% clinical application fit the WHO guidelines. 54.1% cases were prescribed for pre-exposure immunization, like veterinarians、animal control specialists, etc... Self-protection issues were 36.5% and traveler 4.7%. Completed standard vaccinations were 46.6% cases. The majority of cases with post-exposure prophylaxis were bitten by dogs (62.8%). Another animals included cats (18.2%)、mice and rats (14.2%)、 squirrels (2.2%)、ferret badgers (0.8%)、monkeys (0.8%)、miscellaneous (0.8%) and unknown (0.2%). Only 4 cases without fit the WHO guidelines because their bite wound were classified as level one. Conclusion: This study presented that most cases fit the guideline for rabies vaccinations. And these evidence data reveal without any psychological impact of fear in Taiwan. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。