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題 名 | 竹焦油製備PU發泡體及其抑制芽枝黴菌之應用=The Manufacturing of PU Foam from Bamboo Tar and Its Application on the Inhibition of Cladosporium spp. Mould |
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作 者 | 洪錦良; 張家偉; 盧崑宗; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷 期 | 32:3 2013.09[民102.09] |
頁 次 | 頁155-167 |
分類號 | 436.52 |
關鍵詞 | 竹焦油; 竹醋液; PU發泡體; 芽枝黴菌; Bamboo tar; Bamboo vinegar; PU foam; Cladosporium spp. mould; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 以吹製型蓖麻油﹙Blown castor oil﹚為多元醇﹙Polyol﹚主劑,多異氰酸酯﹙Polyisocyanate﹚為硬化劑,設定NCO/OH莫耳比為1.0,再以土窯製造孟宗竹粗竹醋液,經六個月以上靜置得到沉澱粗竹焦油﹙Crude bamboo tar﹚,及粗竹焦油經減壓蒸餾﹙70 mm Hg、90°C﹚得到精製竹醋液﹙Refined bamboo vinegar﹚,將兩者作為發泡劑以製造聚胺基甲酸酯﹙Polyurethane, PU﹚發泡體,除探討不同多異氰酸酯種類,包括芳香族甲苯二異氰酸酯﹙Toluene diisocyanate, TDI﹚及二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯﹙Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, MDI﹚之聚合體﹙分別簡稱PTDI及PMDI﹚與脂肪族六亞甲基二異氰酸酯﹙Hexamethylene diisocyanate, HDI﹚聚合體﹙簡稱PHDI﹚、發泡劑添加量﹙對主劑之3、5、7及9 wt%﹚之PU發泡體性能外,並探討PU發泡體抑制芽枝黴菌﹙Cladosporium spp.﹚之功能。結果顯示,隨發泡劑添加量增加,所得PU發泡體之泡孔體積上升,而比重、壓縮強度及耐溶劑性降低;在相同的發泡劑添加量下,以粗竹焦油為發泡劑所得之發泡體泡孔較大,而以精製竹醋液製造者之比重、壓縮強度及耐溶劑性則較佳。由壓縮永久變形試驗得知,以脂肪族PHDI為硬化劑製造之發泡體為一軟質發泡體,而以芳香族PMDI及PTDI製造者則屬硬質發泡體。由抑菌試驗結果得知,以粗竹焦油做為發泡劑且添加量為9 wt%所製造之PU發泡體,對芽枝黴菌之抑菌效果最佳。 |
英文摘要 | In this study, the polyurethane (PU) foams were made from blown castor oil as polyol and polyisocyanate as hardener under NCO/OH molar ratio of 1.0, and crude bamboo tar and refined bamboo vinegar were used as blowing agents. The crude bamboo tar and crude moso bamboo vinegar were obtained from earth kiln, the crude moso bamboo vinegar, after setting for 6 months, and the refined bamboo vinegar was obtained from the crude bamboo tar by distillation under reduced pressure of 70 mmHg and 90°C. The properties of PU foams with different polyisocyanates such as polymeric toluene diisocyanate (PTDI), polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) and polymeric hexamethylene diisocyanate (PHDI) and dosages of blowing agents (3, 5, 7 and 9% by weight of polyols) as well as the efficiency of inhibiting the Cladosporium spp. mould were also studies. The experimental results showed that the cell size of PU foam increased with increasing dosage of blowing agent. However, the specific gravity, compression strength and solvent resistance decreased with increasing dosage of blowing agent. According to compression set test, the one with PHDI was soft PU foam and with PTDI and PMDI were hard PU foams. The antifungal test also showed that the PU foam containing 9% crude bamboo tar had the best efficiency of inhibiting Cladosporium spp. mould. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。