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題名 | 韓信背水陣分析:野戰戰略的觀點=Analyzing Han Xin's Battle of JingXing: Perspective of Field Operation Strategy |
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作者姓名(中文) | 蔡志銓; 羅春秋; | 書刊名 | 國防雜誌 |
卷期 | 29:5 2014.09[民103.09] |
頁次 | 頁67-91 |
分類號 | 592.09 |
關鍵詞 | 井陘之戰; 背水陣; 韓信; 楚漢相爭; 野戰戰略; Battle of JingXing; Back-water; Han Xin; Emperor Competition between Chu and Han Dynasties; Field operation strategy; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 韓信是中國歷史少見的兵學理論兼實際執行者;楚漢相爭期間,他揭開悲壯的戰 爭序幕,明修棧道,暗渡陳倉定關中;京索阻擊,力挽漢軍頹勢;用兵如神,銳意進 兵速戰取代。 楚漢3年10月(西元前204年10月),漢軍和趙軍在井陘交戰,韓信利用趙軍主帥 陳餘輕敵之心,不拘囿於兵書,而能在實踐中靈活應用,擺下違背兵家大忌的「背水 為陣」。當時漢軍是臨時招募的烏合之眾,20萬趙軍是經過整編訓練戰力完整。背後 是治河別無退路,鼓吹漢軍將士奮勇作戰以求死裏逃生,以奇兵2,000名輕騎趁隙奪取 趙軍軍營樹立漢軍旗幟。趙軍想回營稍作歇息之餘驚見陣營插滿漢軍旗幟,紛紛以為 趙王歇被漢軍所俘,當下軍心大亂驚慌逃散。 依據現代野戰戰略的基本理論,重新審視該戰役韓信的戰爭藝術。韓信之所以奏 捷,除了巧妙利用軍心士氣的因素外,更是因為他戰略運用的高明卓絕,包括正確變 換攻守、靈活兵力部署、合理設置陣形、機變實施奇正等。 井陘之戰,韓信背水為陣拔旗易幟破趙軍20萬,確定他在中國軍事史上的名將地 位。韓信既承繼前代諸家兵法,又能對這些兵學有所創新和發展。使韓信的軍事思想 受到後世軍事家高度關注。 |
英文摘要 | Han Xin was both a practitioner and theorist of the art of war who can be rarely found in the Chinese history. Tragically but outstandingly, he conducted the war campaign during the emperor competition between the Chu and Han dynasties. The 3rd year of Emperor Gao of Han (204) BC, the armies of Han and Zhao engaged in JingXing. Han Xin took advantage of Chang Yu's negligence as he did not strictly follow the formality of art of war. Therefore he could agilely apply tactics and created the idea of“backwater". In contrast to Zhao's 200 thousands troops who were formally trained, most of Han Xin's troops were new recruits.According to the theory of modern field strategy, this study re-examines Han Xin's art of war during the battle of JingXing. He not only utilized the factor of morale, but also applied his extraordinary clever tactics, including the correct transformation between offence and defense, agile and flexible deployment, a reasonable set of formation and troops, and surprise attacks against the enemy. In the battle of JingXing, due to outstanding tactics, Zhao kingdom was easily defeated by Han Xin, which resulted in Han's great status of famous general in the Chinese military history. Not only did Han Xin applied the art of war from previous generations, but he innovated and developed new tactics. Since emperor Han, Han Xin's military thinking has been highly concerned and studied for 2000 years by successive military theorists and strategists. |
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