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題名 | 以眺望、躲藏、脫逃評估安全知覺之類型--以國小校園為例=The Categories of Safety Perception Evaluated by Prospect, Refuge and Escape--A Case Study of Elementary School Campus |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張淑貞; 何曉萍; | 書刊名 | 造園景觀學報 |
卷期 | 19:3 2013.09[民102.09] |
頁次 | 頁35-53 |
分類號 | 523.3759 |
關鍵詞 | 校園安全; 照片評估; 犯罪恐懼感; 安全空間特質; Campus safety; Photo evaluation; Fear of crime; Characteristics of safe space; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 提供一個安全的學習環境是學校最基本之條件,目前有關校園安全維護的策略,大多忽略了「空間」面向。根據環境犯罪學觀點,空間環境雖不會直接造成犯罪,但往往扮演著誘導及提供犯罪的機會;而犯罪恐懼感就是人們對危險環境的一種反應機制。因此,若能了解校園內哪種空間特質會影響安全知覺,將有助於透過環境設計來提升安全感和預防犯罪。本研究目的為探討「眺望」、「躲藏」、「脫逃」等三種空間特質是否會交互影響安全知覺,並提出以此三因子評估受害者安全知覺之類型。本研究以台中市某一國民小學校園做為實證基地,以照片評估方法來測量學童安全知覺,有效樣本共351位。研究結果顯示:(1)眺望、躲藏、脫逃對安全知覺具有顯著交互影響,可知人們對環境安全感知的判斷,同時會受到此三項空間特質的影響,並非僅受到單獨一項或二項因子之影響。(2)眺望、躲藏、脫逃的高低對安全知覺具有顯著差異,其中眺望高、躲藏低、脫逃高的環境給人的安全感最高。(3)以眺望、躲藏、脫逃的高低組合提出一個可評估受害者安全知覺之類型,安全等級可分為五種:最安全、中度安全、中度不安全、不安全、最不安全。 |
英文摘要 | To provide a safe learning environment is the most basic condition for schools. Currently, the strategies related with campus security protections mostly ignore the "spatial" aspects. According to the viewpoint of the environmental criminology, though the spatial environments cannot cause crimes directly, they usually play the induced roles and provide crimes with opportunities. And, the fear of crime is one of reactive mechanisms while people are confronted by the dangerous environments. Therefore, if it enables to understand which spatial characteristic on campus could affect the safety perception, it would help improving the sense of security and preventing crimes through the environmental designs. This study aims at exploring whether the three spatial characteristics, "prospect", "refuge" and "escape", could interwork the safety perception, and also addressing the categories of safety perceptions by using the evaluation of victims through these three factors. We use one elementary school campus in Taichung City as case study, and calculate the safety perception of students by the method of photo evaluation receiving a total of 351 valid samples. The results show that: (1) Prospect, refuge and escape, interwork the safety perception significantly, and it is knowable that these three spatial characteristics influence people's judgments on the sense of security to the environments at the same time. Not only by one or two factors alone effect. (2) The high or low degrees of prospect, refuge and escape, clearly distinguish the safety perception. The environments with high prospect, low refuge, and high escape, give people the highest sense of security. (3) Using the high-low combinations of prospect, refuge and escape, raises a category of safety perceptions for evaluating victims. The security levels can be divided into 5 categories:the most security, moderate security, moderate insecurity, insecurity, and the most insecurity. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。