頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 2013年臺灣因應動物狂犬病疫情人類相關監測分析報告=Human Surveillance in Response to the 2013 Re-emergence of Animal Rabies in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 陳秋美; 葉倪君; 郭宏偉; 劉定萍; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷 期 | 29:特刊 2013.11.26[民102.11.26] |
頁 次 | 頁s8-s17 |
分類號 | 415.239 |
關鍵詞 | 狂犬病; 動物抓咬傷; 監測; Rabies; Animal bite or scratch; Surveillance; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese);英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 2013年7月16日我國公布野生鼬獾感染狂犬病毒後,行政院衛生福利部及農業委員會依權責加強監測人類及動物狂犬病疫情並啟動各項防疫措施。因應此疫情,在人類狂犬病監測中,除原有法定傳染病監測系統外,另運用疫苗申請機制進行遭動物抓咬傷個案資訊蒐集,並匯集狂犬病疫苗接種資訊及農業委員會動物檢驗資料,以提供完整資訊進行風險評估與防治作為。本文分析7月21日至9月30日遭動物抓咬傷申請疫苗案件共計 5,335件,以男性(55.0%)、年齡 25-49歲(40.2%)為多,暴露動物以犬貓(78.6%)明顯高於其他動物,並以流浪犬貓占多數(56.1%)。以暴露地區分析,東區男性占六成,傷口暴露種類第三類達65.4%,均高於其他地區。分析 RODS遭犬隻咬傷急診就診病例千分比與申請狂犬病疫苗之趨勢相符。另回溯自 2010年至今年 9月檢驗不明原因腦炎個案檢體計 205例,均排除感染狂犬病。此次疫情截至9月30日尚無人類狂犬病確診病例,惟中、南及東區鄰近已檢出狂犬病動物之地區,或是已發現鼬獾攻擊行為,但動物送檢數較低之鄉鎮市區,應列為潛在風險地區,民眾仍應提高警覺。未來將朝周全遭動物抓咬傷監測機制及建置資料匯集平台等方向努力,以強化風險評估與風險溝通,降低民眾暴露與感染機率。 |
英文摘要 | On July 16, 2013 Taiwan announced that the rabies virus had been found in wild ferret-badgers. Taiwan’s Ministry of Health and welfare and Council of Agriculture strengthened the monitoring of human and animal rabies and launched various preventive interventions in accordance with their responsibility. In response to the ongoing rabies outbreak, in human rabies surveillance, besides the notifiable infectious disease surveillance system, use vaccine apply mechanism to collect human cases information of animal bite or scratch, and gather rabies vaccination information and Council of Agriculture animal laboratory data , to provide intact information for risk assessment and the intervention for prevention and control. This article analyzes 5,335 cases of animal bites or scratches that led to an application for a vaccine from July 21, 2013 to September 30, 2013. Male (55.0%), particularly those aged 25-49 years old (40.2%), were predominant. Overall, 78.6% had been exposed to dogs or cats the majority (56.1%) of which was stray dogs or cats. Eastern area had a higher number of cases than the other areas, with male accounting for 60%, and 65.4% having the category 3 wounds. Analysis of the Taiwan’s Real-time Outbreak and Disease Surveillance System (RODS) found that the number of emergency room due to dog bite is consistent with the applications for rabies vaccines. 205 specimens from cases of encephalitis of undetermined etiologies from January 2010 to September of this year were all ruled out as being infected with rabies. There has been no confirmed case of human rabies as of September 30, 2013. Only central, southern and eastern districts have animals been found to have rabies and are classified as potential risk areas. In the future, the will be an improved surveillance mechanism for animal bites or scratches, the establishing of a platform for the collection of data to strengthen risk assessment and risk communication, and the reduction of exposure and probability of infection, are directions for future work. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。