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題 名 | 武器出口禁令下的日本國防工業=Japan's Troubling Defense Industry under Arms Exports Ban |
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作 者 | 郭育仁; | 書刊名 | 遠景基金會季刊 |
卷 期 | 14:3 2013.07[民102.07] |
頁 次 | 頁1-53 |
分類號 | 599.931 |
關鍵詞 | 國防工業; 武器出口禁令; 經濟官僚; 兩用科技; 產業政策; Defense industry; Arms exports ban; Economic bureaucrats; Dual-use technology; Industrial policy; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 日本於2011年底放寬武器出口禁令,反映其國防工業面臨的生存危機。戰後嚴格的出口禁令與經濟官僚主導國防工業,造成特殊的產業結構。封閉市場與傾向授權製造政策,導致單一買家與寡頭賣家間,因固定價格結構而造成雙輸現象。三菱重工等主要廠商採取轉包中小企業與軍民兩用科技對策,來降低軍需依賴,卻造成國防工業嚴重邊緣化。冷戰後日本國防工業更陷入發展困境,面臨高度仰賴政府採購、無法參與國際研發及萎縮的國防採購等問題。 |
英文摘要 | Japan's decision in December 2011 to relax the arms exports ban reflects the current crisis of its defense industry. The strict ban on exports and the domination of economic bureaucrats have resulted in a distorted structure in the defense industry. The closed market and a production policy that favors particular licenses have created a fixed-price structure leading to a lose-lose situation between the government and oligarchic producers. In response, major contractors such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries have subcontracted to SMEs and developed dual-use technology in order to lower dependence on defense procurement and reduce business risks, which in turn has seriously marginalized Japan's defense industry. The rapidly changing situation in the post-Cold War era has led to further problems such as high reliance on government procurement, inability to join international R&D projects, and a shrinking defense budget. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。