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題 名 | 地震誘發崩塌形成天然壩之壩體形狀評估方法研究=An Establishment on Geometries Assessment Method of Earthquake-induced Landslide Dam |
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作 者 | 郭玉樹; 伍恆志; 林啟聖; 陳昆廷; 謝正倫; 蔡光榮; | 書刊名 | 中華防災學刊 |
卷 期 | 4:1 2012.02[民101.02] |
頁 次 | 頁23-30 |
分類號 | 443.63 |
關鍵詞 | 天然壩; 堰塞湖; 壩體形狀; Landslide dam; Landslide-dammed lake; Geometries of landslide dam; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 我國地震頻繁,地質破碎,地震誘發之堰塞湖自民國88年起至今約15件。當堰塞湖天然壩受上游水體作用導致失穩破壞,將造成下游淹水並威脅河道兩側居民安全。因此,評估天然壩穩定性為防救災最重要的工作之一。天然壩壩體幾何形狀為評估其穩定性之基本資料,惟堰塞湖多發生於人員機具無法快速抵達的偏遠山區,使得於第一時間進行堰塞湖天然壩相關調查工作相當不易,天然壩壩體形狀因而無法於短期內進行推估。本研究考量河床坡度及崩塌材料堆積特性,以衛星影像等基本圖資建立天然壩壩體之幾何形狀快速評估方法。利用快速評估方法分析地震誘發崩塌形成天然壩之壩體幾何形狀,分別探討三角形與梯形堰塞湖天然壩之幾何形狀,並由評估結果與現地實測資料進行比對。本研究建議之天然壩壩體幾何形狀快速評估方法可於地震誘發崩塌形成天然壩發生初期或現地勘查困難時,提供堰塞湖天然壩壩體緊急安全性評估之基本參數資料,並以龍泉溪及草嶺堰塞湖為例,進行天然壩壩體形狀推估及壩體緊急穩定性評估,評估結果與現地實測資料相近。本研究提出之分析方法可作為天然壩潰壩緊急防救災決策之參考。 |
英文摘要 | Landslide are a frequent natural hazard that occurs, the two most important processes in initiating dam-forming landslide are rainfall and earthquakes in Taiwan. The failure of landslide dams may lead to a massive dam-break flood downstream. Landslide dams triggered by earthquake and rainfall resulted in different types of geometries and failure mechanisms. Geometries of landslide dams are the most important information involves in the dam stability. However, the geometries of natural dams cannot be obtained immediately through field instigations due to the remote location of landslide dams. Based on the data collected through field investigations in Taiwan, a prediction model is presented in this study to estimate the geometries of earthquake-induced natural dams. The effects of triggered factors of landslide dams as earthquake are considered in the model and the shape of natural dams can be presented as triangle and trapezoid. The results obtained from the proposed model shows good agreement with the Longchung landslide dam and Tsaoling landslide dam in Taiwan. An establishment on the geometries assessment method in this study, the geometries of landslide dam can be determined and be considered as the basic information in the preliminary stability analysis of natural dams. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。