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題名 | Maisie Farange: The Representative Child-figure of Henry James=梅瑟:亨利.詹姆士的典型孩童角色 |
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作者 | 張簡麗淑; | 書刊名 | 黃埔學報 |
卷期 | 61 2011.10[民100.10] |
頁次 | 頁65-81 |
分類號 | 874.57 |
關鍵詞 | 孩童角色; 意識世界; 內在獨白; 道德淪喪; Child character; Sentimental stereotypes; Moral decay; Intuition; Realism; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在《梅瑟知道的真相》一書中亨利.詹姆士透過孩童雙眼,描述成人如何在物慾 的籓籬中任憑靈魂墮落,揭露十九世紀末美國及歐洲上流社會頹廢的眾生相。亨利.詹 姆士筆下的孩童角色或太世故或太早熟,因為作者相信孩童擁有與生俱來的洞察能力, 藉由梅瑟這個角色,詹姆士勾勒出成人世界麻木不仁的生活模式。梅瑟的父母淫蕩成 性,總是利用小孩掩人耳目與人私通。梅瑟六歲時父母終於離異,雙方雖然輪流撫育梅 瑟,卻總是在小孩面前醜態百出,數落對方的不是。詹姆士沉潛於小女孩的意識世界, 著墨的不在於故事之營造或情節之舖成,而是聚焦於孩童內心世界之探索。童年記憶與 人之成長有著糾纏不清的微妙關係,亨利.詹姆士藉由內在獨白敘述手法回顧童年往 事,點出人們對童年記憶的弔詭情境,為現代小說內在獨白開闢了新曲徑。 |
英文摘要 | Henry James’ child characters seldom live in a carefree atmosphere. At times, they are too precocious; at times, too sickly, too spoiled, or too conspicuously subjugated by their parents or guardians. They correspond to none of the sentimental stereotypes of youthful enthusiasm, unstinting happiness, and untainted innocence. Whether accidentally acute or actually intelligent they are not average children. They were symbolic figures in a new style that expressed James' conception of the unique and pristine soul. Maisie Farange, one of James’ best childhood representations, effectively conveys her creator’s attitudes toward the child. Described as “understanding much more than any little girl,” Maisie is constantly aware of the social and moral decay around her.1 James sensed the isolation and bewilderment of the child in an incomprehensible adult world. Yet he also recognized the divinely inspired intuition in the child. He saw the child as a means of protesting against social inequality. He revitalized and modernized the tradition of symbolically innocent child figures with realism both domestic and psychological. His works thus make a significant contribution to the troupe of child characters in the modern novel and deepen our imagination of what it may have been like as a child during that era. |
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