頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 長期不同耕作制度及作物殘體管理對土壤有機質含量的影響=Effect of Long-Term Cropping Systems and Crop Residue Managements on Content of Organic Matter in Soil |
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作者 | 譚增偉; 陳桂暖; Tan, Tseng-wei; Chen, Kuei-nuan; |
期刊 | 臺灣農業研究 |
出版日期 | 20110600 |
卷期 | 60:2 2011.06[民100.06] |
頁次 | 頁115-124 |
分類號 | 432.2227 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 玉米; 耕作制度; 連作; 輪作; 作物殘體; 有機質; Rice; Corn; Cropping system; Monoculture; Rotation; Crop residue; Soil organic matter; |
中文摘要 | 長期施用化學肥料下,連續20年間不同耕作制度與作物殘體管理對土壤有機質含量變化的影響顯示,不同耕作制度間,從剛開始的第3年後,即造成土壤有機質含量呈明顯差異,以旱作連作者最高,水稻連作區者次之,水旱田輪作最低,且各耕作制度,表土有機質含量且均隨年度間呈增加趨勢,其中以旱作連作者增加之幅度亦最大;水田連作者次之,輪作者最低。作物殘株移除、掩埋或焚燒,三者間對土壤有機質含量造成的差異,每年的結果並不一致,但均呈逐年遞增趨勢,即於作物收穫後,即使將作物殘體移除或燒灰,並不會造成土壤有機質含量恒低於殘體掩施者,亦不會使土壤有機質含量逐年遞減;顯見原蔗田土壤在改變作物及耕作系統下,歷經20年土壤有機質似仍未達平衡狀態。 |
英文摘要 | A long-term experiment was conducted from 1987 to 2006 in a field of noncalcareous sandstone and slate alluvial soil at the experimental farm of Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, to evaluate the effects of cropping systems and crop residue managements on content of soil organic matter in topsoil and subsoil. In this study, there were four cropping systems including І, Rice-Rice monoculture; П. Rice-Corn rotation; Ш, Corn-Rice rotation and Ⅳ, Corn-Corn monoculture and three crop residue management methods, including 1, manual removal of crop redisues; 2, incorporation of crop residues in the soil and 3, burning of crop residues. Results showed that the content of soil organic matter was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the treatment of continuous corn-corn monoculture, compared to the treatment of continuous rice-rice monoculture. In contrast, the content of soil organic matter was slightly lower in the treatments of rice-corn rotation and corn-rice rotation, compared to the treatment of rice-rice monoculture. All the four cropping systems, especially for the continuous corn monoculture, resulted in increased organic matter in the soil during the period of 20 years. Results also showed that burning or manually removal of crop residues had no significant (P>0.05) effect on content of soil organic matter, compared to the treatment of incorporation of crop residues in the soil. This long-term study indicates that rice and corn grown in continuous monoculture or in rotation and under different managements of crop residues, burning, removal or buried in soil, cause no loss of organic matter in top soil and subsoil. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。