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題名 | 飛昇出世的期待--明中晚期士人與龍沙讖=Ascending to the Celestial: Literati Responses to Longsha Prophecy from the Mid-Ming to the Late Ming |
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作者 | 張藝曦; Chang, I-hsi; |
期刊 | 新史學 |
出版日期 | 20110300 |
卷期 | 22:1 2011.03[民100.03] |
頁次 | 頁1-57 |
分類號 | 236.9 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 淨明道; 龍沙讖; 曇陽子; 屠隆; 李鼎; 彭幼朔; Jingming Daoism; Prophecy; Wang Yangming Learning; Tu Long; |
中文摘要 | 本文注意到與儒學頗有交涉的道教教派淨明道之「龍沙讖」預言,這則預言以許遜飛昇一千兩百四十年後為期,預言世界大亂,屆時將有八百地仙前來平息亂事;由於預言的時間點正好落在明中晚期左右,因此明中期以後便不斷有人附會各類異象或事件,指稱龍沙讖即將或已然實現。在晚明三教合一的風潮中,龍沙讖更跨越了教派的界限,跟其他信仰結合,而預言的流行區域也從江西廣及於江南一帶。有趣的是,晚明部分士人對預言的內容作出不同的解釋,他們把平亂的八百地仙理解為將有八百人飛昇登仙,於是吸引許許多多人的好奇或期待。在人文薈萃的南京,透過耳語流傳,在一波波的信仰熱潮下,榮登仙籍成為一種流行與恩寵,我們所熟悉的一些大名字、大人物,包括文人、理學家或知名學者,不論其知識背景、社會地位或政治身分的高下,不少人都曾經沈醉其中。龍沙讖為晚明江右與江南部分士人群體所帶來的信仰熱潮,也讓我們注意到士人在理性思辨以外的一面。由於龍沙讖未能在明末應驗,於是引起兩極的反應,有人訕笑斥責,有人在深受打擊後另覓新說,另有人尋求內丹學的解釋。但對龍沙讖的期待確已漸漸退潮,此後歷經國變,在清初士人群體間似乎未再見到類似的信仰熱潮。 |
英文摘要 | Longsha prophecy in Jingming Daoism predicts the unrest of this world in the future; following the unrest eight hundred celestials will assemble, putting the unrest into order, and then ascending to Heaven. The later part of this prophecy was attractive to people, especially to literati and Wang Yangming Learning scholars in Jiangyou and Jiangnan. From the mid-Ming to the late Ming, there were several tides of enthusiasm for this prophecy. Some Daoists or eccentrics announced this prophecy was going to be realized and convinced their followers that they knew who was listed in the celestial scroll. These followers were therefore attracted and eager to know if they were listed. Among these followers were some famous literati and scholars. We can see their irrational or emotional side by observing their actions when they were caught up in enthusiasm for this prophecy. By the end of the Ming dynasty, all kinds of expectations of the prophecy's coming true were demonstrated impossible. Some people were desperate, and some turned to other kinds of explanation for this prophecy. Enthusiasm for the prophecy was finally cooling down. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。