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題名 | 以一維變量流演算模式分析極端暴雨情境之淡水河系溢堤與破堤=Using One-dimensional Unsteady Routing Model to Evaluate Levee-break and Overtopping Flows under Extreme Storm Events in Danshuei River System |
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作 者 | 柳文成; 吳仲英; | 書刊名 | 臺灣水利 |
卷期 | 58:3=231 2010.09[民99.09] |
頁次 | 頁47-66 |
分類號 | 443.42 |
關鍵詞 | 溢堤與破堤; 洪流演算; 颱風事件; 檢定與驗證; 曼寧係數; 極端事件; Overbank and levee-break; Flood routing; Typhoon events; Model calibration and verification; Manning friction coefficient; Extreme event; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 因為全球氣候變遷導致降雨量有逐年增大之趨勢,在台灣夏季與秋季經常發生颱風或熱帶氣旋,導致傾盆大雨,在河川瓶頸地段與位置易造成沿岸溢堤或破堤導致淹水情況。本研究區域涵蓋淡水河流域之主流與重要支流,包括大漢溪、新店溪、景美溪、二重疏洪道、基隆河等。蒐集淡水河河口潮汐並進行暴潮位分析,求得極端的最高設計暴潮位為3.12公尺及設計暴潮歷線。 本研究之模式採用一維變量流理論,根據迪聖凡納(De Saint Venant)方程式所導出之緩變量流,考慮水流之連續及運動方程式為控制方程式,研發因為颱洪事件導致堤防破堤與溢堤之洪流演算模式。模式建立後,進行模式參數(即曼寧係數n)之檢定與驗證,結果顯示模式模擬水位與自記水位站測得之水位大致吻合。 模式經檢定與驗證後,應用於模擬暴雨中心於大漢溪上游地區,模式所採用之上游五個邊界條件為流量歷線,下游邊界條件為淡水河河口設計暴潮位歷線,二重疏洪道疏洪量以參考艾利颱風最大疏洪量為2,756 m3/s,基隆河考慮員山子分洪前與分洪後是否以達到分洪效果,以模擬各主支流瓶頸地段堤防造成溢堤情形。另考慮於極端暴雨事件下,假設台北橋堤防右岸發生破堤時之破堤流量之計算。 |
英文摘要 | Due to the global change, amount of precipitation increase year by year. In summer andfall seasons, the typhoons, or tropical cyclones, with the torrential rainfall occur frequentlybecause of the attributes of the subtropical climate in Taiwan. It will result in levee-break and/or overtopping the banks at the narrow neck locations in the river system and produce theinundation. The study domain includes main and tributaries in the Danshuei River systemin northern Taiwan that covers Tahan Stream, Hsintien Stream, Jiang-Mei Stream, Erchungfloodway, and Keelung River. The hydrological, geometric, and hydrodynamics data have beencollected and analyzed to supply for the model simulation. The storm surge hydrograph has been designed served as downstream boundary condition at the Danshuei River mouth. Based on flash flood routing model, the levee-break and overtopping functions wasdeveloped and incorporated into the one-dimensional unsteady flood routing model thatconsists of continuity and momentum equations to predict the levee-break and/or overbankdischarges. In order to test the model availability, several typhoon events were selected formodel calibration and verification to ascertain the Manning friction coefficient (n) in the riversystem. The simulated results of water stages are in qualitative agreement with the measureddata at various gauge stations. After the model calibration and verification, the model was applied to simulate theconditions under extreme event. The simulated scenario was considered that the storm centeroccur at the upstream area of Tahan Stream. For model simulations, the upstream boundaryconditions are specified with discharge hydrographs. The designed water stage hydrographdue to storm surge is forced at the Danshuei River mouth. The maximum diversion flow at theEruch flood diversion channel is 2,756 m3/s that was searched from the Typhoon Area event.With and without flood diversion conditions at the upstream reach of Keelung River are alsoconsidered in the model simulation. These scenario runs serve to probe the narrow reacheswhere result in overtopping. If the levee-break occurs at the right bank of the Taipei Bridge (i.e.,main stream of Danshuei River) under the extreme event condition, the flow hydrograph is alsocalculated through the model. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。