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題名 | Seed Distribution of Eleven Tree Species in a Tropical Forest in Taiwan=臺灣熱帶森林11種木本植物之種子空間分布 |
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作者 | 林宜靜; 林佩蓉; 王相華; 孫義方; Lin, Yi-ching; Lin, Pei-jung; Wang, Hsiang-hua; Sun, I-fang; |
期刊 | Botanical Studies |
出版日期 | 20110700 |
卷期 | 52:3 2011.07[民100.07] |
頁次 | 頁327-336 |
分類號 | 436.1 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 森林動態; 廣義加成混合模式; 種子傳播; 種子分布; Forest dynamics; Generalized additive mixed model; GAMM; Seed dispersal; Spatial pattern; |
中文摘要 | 樹木於種子階段的空間分布,代表一個樹木族群的啟始空間分布。此啟始空間分布將決定族群內個體的空間關係,影響個體之互動,進而對於森林的長期動態,造成深遠的影響。本研究評估墾丁高位珊瑚礁森林內,11種木本植物種子之空間分布,並探討影響種子空間分布的因子。本研究於墾丁高位珊瑚礁森林自然保留區內進行,在10公頃之永久樣區(250 × 400 m)內設立四條穿越線,於每條穿越線,每隔20公尺,設立種子網一個,共72個。自2006年8月至2007年8月間,每週調查一次,收集網內所有徑長超過1 mm之花、果實與種子,於實驗室內鑑定種類、計量與秤重。種子之空間分布由標準莫氏指數(standardized Morisita’s index)與格林係數(Green’s dispersion of index)估計。結果顯示,所有物種的種子均呈現聚集分布。根據Ripley L函數,11個物種之母樹,有10種在特定空間尺度下呈現聚集分布。廣義加成混合模式之分析結果顯示,種子的聚集分布受地形與母樹分布的影響。大部份物種之種子空間分布與母樹的數量、樣區之海拔、地形凹凸度與坡度呈現顯著相關。然而,種子之分布卻無法由母樹的棲地好或種子的特性來解釋。本研究所呈現的種子聚集現象,可能增加種子受密度制約死亡的影響,進而影響後續的小苗動態。 |
英文摘要 | Seed distributions in a forested landscape represent the initial spatial template for tree populations and determine the spatial relationships among individuals within the population. These spatial relationships impact interactions among neighboring plants and, thus, can significantly affect population and community dynamics. In this study, we documented the seed distribution of eleven tree species in a tropical forest in Taiwan. We determined the distribution of seeds at the stand level and examined factors that may directly and indirectly influence this distribution. This study was carried out in a 10 ha permanent plot (400 m × 250 m) in Kenting, Taiwan, from August 2006 to August 2007. A total of 72 seed traps were placed at 20-m intervals along four transects within the plot. Seed traps were checked weekly. All reproductive parts of woody plants greater than 1 mm were collected, dried, weighed and identified to species. Seed distributions were characterized by standardized Morisita’s index and Green’s dispersion index. The seeds of all 11 tree species were aggregated. Based on Ripley’s L functions, parent trees of ten of the eleven species were also aggregated at certain spatial scales within the plot. The results of generalized additive mixed models (GAMM) suggested that seed aggregation was primarily a product of local topography and aggregation of the parent trees. For most species, seed distribution was significantly associated with parent abundance and three topographic variables, elevation, convexity and slope. The patterns of seed distributions, however, did not reflect habitat preference of parent trees or seed traits. Aggregated seeds, such as those in this study, are likely to suffer density-dependent mortality, which could profoundly influence subsequent seedling dynamics. |
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