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題 名 | 太魯閣國家公園入侵植物分佈、播遷機制與衝擊評估=Distribution Pattern, Dispersal Mechanism, and Impact Evaluation of Invasive Plant Species in Taroko National Park |
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作 者 | 王相華; 楊宜津; 陳曉慧; 劉嘉卿; | 書刊名 | 慈濟通識教育學刊 |
卷 期 | 4 2007.10[民96.10] |
頁 次 | 頁149-179 |
分類號 | 371.5 |
關鍵詞 | 入侵植物; 播遷機制; 衝擊評估; Dispersal mechanism; Impact evaluation; Invasive species; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 太魯閣國家公園外來植物種類總共有63科137屬159種,其中蕨類植物有1種,裸子植物有5種,雙子葉植物116種,單子葉植物有37種。植物的習性方面,喬木有28種,灌木有45種,藤本有14種,草本有72種,其中栽培的種類有95種,歸化種有33種,入侵種有31種。入侵種中以菊科、禾本科與豆科為主。 由調查園區內入侵植物的物候資料可以發現,大部分的植物全年可以開花結果,這可說明這些入侵植物的生殖策略相當成功,繁殖能力很強整年都可以繁衍下一代。其播遷機制為風力、動物傳播和蒴果開裂為主,有的會以無性繁殖來大面積拓展其領域。 入侵植物的原產地主要以熱帶美洲為主。這些入侵植物在國家公園內的分佈,主要以全區低海拔開闊地、破壞地、河川地為主如藿香薊、大花咸豐草等。槭葉牽牛、銳葉牽牛、紅花野牽牛、百香果、毛西番蓮、三角葉西番蓮等藤本植物分佈於低海拔林緣地,另外咸豐草,野塘蒿、大扁雀麥、菽草主要分佈在中高海拔開闊地。非洲鳳仙花、紫花酢醬草、吊竹草分布於低海拔林下。其入侵植物入侵的範圍主要以破壞地為主,但小花蔓澤蘭、銀合歡、槭葉牽牛、銳葉牽牛、紅花野牽牛、百香果、毛西番蓮、三角葉西番蓮、吊竹草這八個種類已經入侵到原生區域,可能對原生植物族群造成影響,特別值得重視。 |
英文摘要 | An inventory of alien plants in Taroko National Park recorded a total of 63 families, 137 genera and 159 species. There are one kind of pteridophyte, 5 kinds of gymnosperm, 116 kinds of dicotyledon and 37 kinds of monocotyledons among them. As for habits and acquired characteristics of the plant, there are 28 kinds of arbors, 45 kinds of bush, 14 kinds of rattan, and 72 kinds of herbaceous, including 95 cultivated species, 33 naturalized species and 31 invasive species. Most of the invasive species were Compositae, Poaceae and Fabaceae. According to phenological data, most invasive plants became significantly invasive by blooming and fruiting all year, which proves these invading plant reproduction tactics are quite successful. They breed very capably to increase future generations during the entire year. The dispersal mechanisms of invasive plants are wind, animals or capsule cleavage, while a few species can also colonize their territory by agamogenesis. Most of the invasive plants originated in tropical America, and now spread in disturbed area and/or riverside throughout the Park. Much attention should be paid to species such as Mikania micrantha, Leucaena leucocephal, Ipomoea cairica, I. indica, I. triloba, Passiflora edulis, P. suberosa and P. foetida var. hispida, since they are now spreading to the natural forest and may affect the populations of native species. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。