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題名 | 論韓愈性三品說--在儒學人性論發展史上的蘊義=The Role of Han Yu's Theory of the Three Qualities in the Development of Confucian thought on the Goodness of Human Nature |
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作者 | 劉振維; Liu, Cheng-wei; |
期刊 | 朝陽人文社會學刊 |
出版日期 | 20091200 |
卷期 | 7:2 2009.12[民98.12] |
頁次 | 頁303-331 |
分類號 | 124.3 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 韓愈; 性三品說; 人性論; 王充; 性本善; Han Yu; Theory of human nature; Wang Chong; |
中文摘要 | 有「文起八代之衰,道濟天下之溺」稱譽的韓愈,其於人性論上提出著名的性三品說。其意有三,一人性是先天的,二人性是善的,三善的內容爲仁義禮智信。情是依性接觸外物而產生的情狀。韓愈之見,實來自東漢王充之說,而非論者宣稱的董仲舒。但韓愈之說粗疏,理論並不完備,卻爲朱熹所稱許,考其真正原因,乃在於韓愈標舉出人性先天的內容爲仁義禮智信,而此正是理學性本善的理論核心。本文通過從孟子「性善」到朱熹「性本善」的大視野觀之,可以見及韓愈性三品說的人性論,乃是儒學人性論的一個中介與過渡,但卻是理學性本善內蘊的一個起始,無怪乎朱熹慨歎韓愈心思乃在乞討官職、追求人間富貴利達之際,亦不吝予以「識見高處」之贊譽。本文試圖分析韓愈性三品說的蘊義,以及其在整個儒學人性發展史上當居於何樣的定位。全文區分爲三,一論析韓愈性三品說的蘊義,二對比其與董仲舒、王充對人性的見解以明其性三品說的定位,三研析其對宋明理學性本善說的影響。最後作一結論。 |
英文摘要 | Han Yu (768-824) is famous for his theory on the three qualities of human nature. This theory has three basic tenets: First that human nature is decided by nature, second that human nature is good and third that the contents of goodness are the basic Confucian virtues of benevolence, righteousness, truthfulness etc. The bad sides of human nature are due to his contact with things in the outside world. With this theory Han Yu follows the Han time Confucian Wang Chong (27-97). Although Han Yu's theory is not very elaborate it was supported by Chu Hsi (1130-1200) due to its stress on the Confucian virtues. This paper situates Han Yu’s theory of human nature within the larger context of the discussion of human nature from Mencius to Chu Hsi. The paper is divided in three parts. In the first part Han Yu's theory of the of the three qualities is analyzed; in the second part a comparison will be made with the theories of Wang Chong and Dong Chongshu (197-104 B.C.); in the last part the influence of Han Yu's theory on the Song and Ming time Confucianism will be explored. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。