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題名 | 企業化養豬豬舍構造機能與管理作業之關係(2)= |
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作者 | 王鼎盛; 侯文祥; |
期刊 | 農業工程學報 |
出版日期 | 19820900 |
卷期 | 28:3 民71.09 |
頁次 | 頁19-55 |
分類號 | 437.658 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 企業化; 豬舍; 養豬; |
中文摘要 | 在企業經營上,最重要的是講求經濟效益,而影響養豬經濟效益最大的因素,不外飼料、飼養管理、畜舍構造、品種、疾病防治及市場價格等項。其中畜舍壹項所需資金幾佔設場投資總額的百分之六十以上,且其設計之良否,影響爾後豬隻飼養管理效率很大。 本文就臺灣三十年企業化養豬歷史中選擇(1)科學化經營之完整系統,包括待配、懷孕、分娩、保育、育成、肥育等各階段。(2)公民營畜殖場中業績優良者。(3)企業化養豬史中之代表型式且管理效率較高者之豬舍共21棟,調查夏、冬兩季管理工人一日作業之內容(包括工時及動線),經整理齊一化後作比較。其摘要如下: (1)考察臺灣三十年的企業養豬,其管理作業可分為①給飼作業②給水作業③清糞作業④清理作業⑤舍內整備作業⑥護理(保定)作業⑦移欄作業⑧試情作業⑨其他作業等。 (2)待配階段豬舍管理作業包括①③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨等八項,以清糞、清理、給飼三作業所佔比重最大。 (3)懷孕階段豬舍管理作業包括①②③④⑤⑦⑨等七項,以清糞、清理二作業所佔比重最大。 (4)分娩階段豬舍管理作業包括①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑨等八項,以清糞、護理、清理三作業所佔比重最大。 (5)保育階段豬舍管理作業包括①③④⑤⑥⑦⑨等七項,以清糞、給飼二作業所佔比重最大。 (6)育成及肥育階段豬舍管理作包括①③④⑤⑥⑦⑨等七項,以清糞、給飼二作業幾佔全部管理作業。 (7)清糞作業移動速率最慢,且構造差異影響極大。 (8)各項作業冬季的平均速率均較夏季為慢。 (9)由調查結果顯示各種豬舍構造及設備之機能差異,故從事豬舍規劃設計者及養豬管理人員可從本文獲得重要的參考資料。 |
英文摘要 | In this study, operator's working (include time and travel) is recorded one whole day in summer and winter, the relationship between structural functions of hog housings and its operation models in large scale pig units is discussed. 21 hog housings of various types that include breeding, gestation, farrowing, nursery, growing and finishing houses, belonged to several public and private units with good operation performance and having structural characteristics of every stages in the pig developing history in Taiwan were under investigation. The results were as follows: 1) According to the working studies on the operations of pig farms, the routing management procedures of hog raising developed in the past decades can divided into the following nine items. 1). animal feeding, 2). water supplying, 3). Dung disposal, 4). cleaning & disinfection, 5). preparation, 6). treatment of sick animals, 7). animal removing, 8). heat detection, 9). others. 2) In the breeding stage, the management procedures include item (superscript (1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)), in which dung-disposal, preparation and animal feeding account for the highest proportion. 3) In the gestation stage, the procedures include item (superscript (1,2,3,4,5,7,9)) etc, in which dung-disposal and cleaning & disinfection are the most important parts. 4) In the farrowing stage, the procedures include item (superscript (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9)) etc, in which dung-disposal, animal feeding and curing represent the most important proportion. 5) As to the nursery stage, the procedures include item (superscript (1,3,4,5,6,7,9)) etc, in which dung-disposal and animal feeding account for the highest proportion. 6) As to the growing and finishing stage, the procedures include item (superscript (1,3,4,5,6,7,9)) etc, in which dung-disposal account for the highest proportion. 7) In dung-disposal, the moving speed of workman is slower than other work and influenced largely due to structural difference. 8) The moving speed of workman for every work in winter is slower than that of in summer. 9) Results from this study indicate differences of facility functions among various hog housings, which, like the consideration on cost invested and animal requirements for the environment, is one of the most important factors in animal housing design. housing design. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。